A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an infrastructure of interconnected devices that gather, monitor, analyze, and distribute data. IoT is an inevitable technology for smart city infrastructure to ensure seamless communication across multiple nodes. IoT, with its ubiquitous application in every sector,...

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Main Authors: Seyed Sajad Ahmadpour, Maryam Zaker, Nima Jafari Navimipour, Neeraj Kumar Misra, Muhammad Zohaib, Sankit Kassa, Arash Heidari, Ahmad Habibizad Navin, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Musawer Hakimi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AIP Publishing LLC 2025-03-01
Series:AIP Advances
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0247642
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author Seyed Sajad Ahmadpour
Maryam Zaker
Nima Jafari Navimipour
Neeraj Kumar Misra
Muhammad Zohaib
Sankit Kassa
Arash Heidari
Ahmad Habibizad Navin
Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
Musawer Hakimi
author_facet Seyed Sajad Ahmadpour
Maryam Zaker
Nima Jafari Navimipour
Neeraj Kumar Misra
Muhammad Zohaib
Sankit Kassa
Arash Heidari
Ahmad Habibizad Navin
Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
Musawer Hakimi
author_sort Seyed Sajad Ahmadpour
collection DOAJ
description The Internet of Things (IoT) is an infrastructure of interconnected devices that gather, monitor, analyze, and distribute data. IoT is an inevitable technology for smart city infrastructure to ensure seamless communication across multiple nodes. IoT, with its ubiquitous application in every sector, ranging from health-care to transportation, energy, education, and agriculture, comes with serious challenges as well. Among the most significant ones is security since the majority of IoT devices do not encrypt normal data transmissions, making it easier for the network to breach and leak data. Traditional technologies such as CMOS and VLSI have the added disadvantage of consuming high energy, further creating avenues for security threats for IoT systems. To counter such problems, we require a new solution to replace traditional technologies with a secure IoT. In contrast to traditional solutions, quantum-based approaches offer promising solutions by significantly reducing the energy footprint of IoT systems. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one such approach and is an advanced nano-technology that exploits quantum principles to achieve complex computations with the advantages of high speed, less occupied area, and low power consumption. By reducing the energy requirements to a minimum, QCA technology makes IoT devices secure. This paper presents a QCA-based Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) as a solution to IoT security problems. The proposed ALU includes more than 12 logical and arithmetic operations and is designed using majority gates, XOR gates, multiplexers, and full adders. The proposed architecture, simulated in QCADesigner 2.0.3, achieves an improvement of 60.45% and 66.66% in cell count and total occupied area, respectively, compared to the best of the existing designs, proving to be effective and efficient.
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spelling doaj-art-8e8c05beb2df4c9e9f11fc25b6a3ea2b2025-08-20T03:06:18ZengAIP Publishing LLCAIP Advances2158-32262025-03-01153035341035341-1210.1063/5.0247642A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applicationsSeyed Sajad Ahmadpour0Maryam Zaker1Nima Jafari Navimipour2Neeraj Kumar Misra3Muhammad Zohaib4Sankit Kassa5Arash Heidari6Ahmad Habibizad Navin7Mehdi Hosseinzadeh8Musawer Hakimi9Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kadir Has University, Istanbul 34083, TurkeyDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kadir Has University, Istanbul 34083, TurkeyE&TC Department, Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, IndiaDepartment of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science, İstanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz 5157944533, IranDepartment of Computer Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz 5157944533, IranGuest Faculty Member, Department of Computer Science, Kabul University, Kabul, AfghanistanThe Internet of Things (IoT) is an infrastructure of interconnected devices that gather, monitor, analyze, and distribute data. IoT is an inevitable technology for smart city infrastructure to ensure seamless communication across multiple nodes. IoT, with its ubiquitous application in every sector, ranging from health-care to transportation, energy, education, and agriculture, comes with serious challenges as well. Among the most significant ones is security since the majority of IoT devices do not encrypt normal data transmissions, making it easier for the network to breach and leak data. Traditional technologies such as CMOS and VLSI have the added disadvantage of consuming high energy, further creating avenues for security threats for IoT systems. To counter such problems, we require a new solution to replace traditional technologies with a secure IoT. In contrast to traditional solutions, quantum-based approaches offer promising solutions by significantly reducing the energy footprint of IoT systems. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one such approach and is an advanced nano-technology that exploits quantum principles to achieve complex computations with the advantages of high speed, less occupied area, and low power consumption. By reducing the energy requirements to a minimum, QCA technology makes IoT devices secure. This paper presents a QCA-based Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) as a solution to IoT security problems. The proposed ALU includes more than 12 logical and arithmetic operations and is designed using majority gates, XOR gates, multiplexers, and full adders. The proposed architecture, simulated in QCADesigner 2.0.3, achieves an improvement of 60.45% and 66.66% in cell count and total occupied area, respectively, compared to the best of the existing designs, proving to be effective and efficient.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0247642
spellingShingle Seyed Sajad Ahmadpour
Maryam Zaker
Nima Jafari Navimipour
Neeraj Kumar Misra
Muhammad Zohaib
Sankit Kassa
Arash Heidari
Ahmad Habibizad Navin
Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
Musawer Hakimi
A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications
AIP Advances
title A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications
title_full A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications
title_fullStr A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications
title_full_unstemmed A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications
title_short A nano-design of a quantum-based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future IoT applications
title_sort nano design of a quantum based arithmetic and logic unit for enhancing the efficiency of the future iot applications
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0247642
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