Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design
Inconsistencies in lithium-ion battery packs pose significant challenges for both electric vehicles and energy storage systems, causing diminished energy utilization and accelerated battery aging. This study investigates the characteristics and aging processes of 32 batteries, creating simulation mo...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/13/3439 |
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| author | Yanzhou Duan Wenbin Ye Qiang Zhang Jixu Wang Jiahuan Lu |
| author_facet | Yanzhou Duan Wenbin Ye Qiang Zhang Jixu Wang Jiahuan Lu |
| author_sort | Yanzhou Duan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Inconsistencies in lithium-ion battery packs pose significant challenges for both electric vehicles and energy storage systems, causing diminished energy utilization and accelerated battery aging. This study investigates the characteristics and aging processes of 32 batteries, creating simulation models for cells and packs based on experimental data. Through a controlled single-variable approach, the decoupled analysis of multi-parameter inconsistencies is carried out. Simulation results demonstrate that parallel-connected packs can maintain charge consistency without the need for external balancing systems, thanks to their self-balancing mechanisms. On the other hand, series-connected packs experience accelerated capacity degradation primarily due to charge inconsistencies linked to differences in Coulombic efficiency (CE) and the initial state of charge (SOC). For packs with minor capacity variations and temperature inconsistencies, a passive balancing current of 0.001 C can effectively eliminate up to 3.8% of capacity loss caused by charge inconsistencies within 15 cycles. Active balancing systems outperform passive ones primarily when there is significant capacity inconsistency. However, for packs that have undergone capacity screening before assembly, both active and passive balancing systems prove to be equally effective. Additionally, inconsistencies in internal resistance have a minimal impact on overall pack capacity but limit the power of both series-connected and parallel-connected packs. These findings offer essential insights for the development of balancing systems within battery management systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8e3bfe3fa84941ca947b3354757a3c8b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj-art-8e3bfe3fa84941ca947b3354757a3c8b2025-08-20T02:35:59ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-06-011813343910.3390/en18133439Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System DesignYanzhou Duan0Wenbin Ye1Qiang Zhang2Jixu Wang3Jiahuan Lu4China Academy of Space Technology Hangzhou Institute, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaChina Academy of Space Technology Hangzhou Institute, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaChina Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, ChinaChina Academy of Space Technology Hangzhou Institute, Hangzhou 310024, ChinaCollege of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaInconsistencies in lithium-ion battery packs pose significant challenges for both electric vehicles and energy storage systems, causing diminished energy utilization and accelerated battery aging. This study investigates the characteristics and aging processes of 32 batteries, creating simulation models for cells and packs based on experimental data. Through a controlled single-variable approach, the decoupled analysis of multi-parameter inconsistencies is carried out. Simulation results demonstrate that parallel-connected packs can maintain charge consistency without the need for external balancing systems, thanks to their self-balancing mechanisms. On the other hand, series-connected packs experience accelerated capacity degradation primarily due to charge inconsistencies linked to differences in Coulombic efficiency (CE) and the initial state of charge (SOC). For packs with minor capacity variations and temperature inconsistencies, a passive balancing current of 0.001 C can effectively eliminate up to 3.8% of capacity loss caused by charge inconsistencies within 15 cycles. Active balancing systems outperform passive ones primarily when there is significant capacity inconsistency. However, for packs that have undergone capacity screening before assembly, both active and passive balancing systems prove to be equally effective. Additionally, inconsistencies in internal resistance have a minimal impact on overall pack capacity but limit the power of both series-connected and parallel-connected packs. These findings offer essential insights for the development of balancing systems within battery management systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/13/3439lithium-ion batterybattery packinconsistencypassive balancingactive balancingbattery management system |
| spellingShingle | Yanzhou Duan Wenbin Ye Qiang Zhang Jixu Wang Jiahuan Lu Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design Energies lithium-ion battery battery pack inconsistency passive balancing active balancing battery management system |
| title | Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design |
| title_full | Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design |
| title_fullStr | Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design |
| title_short | Decoupling Analysis of Parameter Inconsistencies in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Guiding Balancing System Design |
| title_sort | decoupling analysis of parameter inconsistencies in lithium ion battery packs guiding balancing system design |
| topic | lithium-ion battery battery pack inconsistency passive balancing active balancing battery management system |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/13/3439 |
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