Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry
Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and efficacy of a new wireframe template methodology in analyzing three-dimensional facial soft tissue asymmetry. Materials and methods: Three-dimensional facial soft tissue data were obtained for 24 patients. The wireframe template was est...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Gengchen Yang Liang Lyu Aonan Wen Yijiao Zhao Yong Wang Jing Li Huichun Yan Mingjin Zhang Yi Yu Tingting Yu Dawei Liu |
| author_facet | Gengchen Yang Liang Lyu Aonan Wen Yijiao Zhao Yong Wang Jing Li Huichun Yan Mingjin Zhang Yi Yu Tingting Yu Dawei Liu |
| author_sort | Gengchen Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and efficacy of a new wireframe template methodology in analyzing three-dimensional facial soft tissue asymmetry. Materials and methods: Three-dimensional facial soft tissue data were obtained for 24 patients. The wireframe template was established by identifying 34 facial landmarks and then forming a template on the face with the MeshLab 2020 software. The angle asymmetry index was automatically scored using the template. The mirroring and overlapping technique is accepted as the golden standard method to diagnose facial asymmetry by acquiring deviation values of one’s face. Consistency rates between the two methodologies were determined through a statistical comparison of the angle asymmetry index and deviation values. Results: Overall consistency rates in the labial, mandibular angle, cheek, chin, and articular regions were 87.5%, 95.8%, 87.5%, 91.7%, and 100%, respectively. Regions with consistency rates in three dimensions of more than 85% are the <i>x</i>-axis and the <i>z</i>-axis of all regions and the <i>y</i>-axis of the mandibular angle, chin, and articular region. Conclusions: Soft tissue facial asymmetry can be diagnosed accurately and effectively by using a three-dimensional soft tissue spatial angle wireframe template. Precise localization of asymmetry can be offered, and indiscernible tiny asymmetry can be identified. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8e370a6941734e92a84ed69c3fb89527 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-8e370a6941734e92a84ed69c3fb895272025-01-24T13:23:11ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542025-01-011217910.3390/bioengineering12010079Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial AsymmetryGengchen Yang0Liang Lyu1Aonan Wen2Yijiao Zhao3Yong Wang4Jing Li5Huichun Yan6Mingjin Zhang7Yi Yu8Tingting Yu9Dawei Liu10Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, ChinaAim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and efficacy of a new wireframe template methodology in analyzing three-dimensional facial soft tissue asymmetry. Materials and methods: Three-dimensional facial soft tissue data were obtained for 24 patients. The wireframe template was established by identifying 34 facial landmarks and then forming a template on the face with the MeshLab 2020 software. The angle asymmetry index was automatically scored using the template. The mirroring and overlapping technique is accepted as the golden standard method to diagnose facial asymmetry by acquiring deviation values of one’s face. Consistency rates between the two methodologies were determined through a statistical comparison of the angle asymmetry index and deviation values. Results: Overall consistency rates in the labial, mandibular angle, cheek, chin, and articular regions were 87.5%, 95.8%, 87.5%, 91.7%, and 100%, respectively. Regions with consistency rates in three dimensions of more than 85% are the <i>x</i>-axis and the <i>z</i>-axis of all regions and the <i>y</i>-axis of the mandibular angle, chin, and articular region. Conclusions: Soft tissue facial asymmetry can be diagnosed accurately and effectively by using a three-dimensional soft tissue spatial angle wireframe template. Precise localization of asymmetry can be offered, and indiscernible tiny asymmetry can be identified.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/1/79three-dimensionalwireframe templatefacial asymmetryaesthetics |
| spellingShingle | Gengchen Yang Liang Lyu Aonan Wen Yijiao Zhao Yong Wang Jing Li Huichun Yan Mingjin Zhang Yi Yu Tingting Yu Dawei Liu Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry Bioengineering three-dimensional wireframe template facial asymmetry aesthetics |
| title | Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry |
| title_full | Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry |
| title_short | Comparison of Mirroring and Overlapping Analysis and Three-Dimensional Soft Tissue Spatial Angle Wireframe Template in Evaluating Facial Asymmetry |
| title_sort | comparison of mirroring and overlapping analysis and three dimensional soft tissue spatial angle wireframe template in evaluating facial asymmetry |
| topic | three-dimensional wireframe template facial asymmetry aesthetics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/1/79 |
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