Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum
Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum have been used for years in ethnomedicine for their antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiabetic, and antiphlogistic activities. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts on the root meristem cel...
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State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/560 |
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| author | Emem Eyo Akpan Martin Osita Anagboso Imoh Imeh Johnny Nwakaego Omonigho Ebong Jude Efiom Okokon |
| author_facet | Emem Eyo Akpan Martin Osita Anagboso Imoh Imeh Johnny Nwakaego Omonigho Ebong Jude Efiom Okokon |
| author_sort | Emem Eyo Akpan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum have been used for years in ethnomedicine for their antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiabetic, and antiphlogistic activities. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts on the root meristem cells of Allium cepa were investigated. Onion bulbs were exposed to 2.5 mg/ml, 5mg/ml, and 10 mg/ml concentrations of the extracts for macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Tap water was used as a negative control and Methotrexate (0.1 mg/ml) was used as a positive control. There was statistically significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of root growth depending on concentration by the extracts when compared with the negative control group. All the tested extracts were observed to have cytotoxic effects on cell division in A. cepa. The extract induced chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei (MNC) formations in A. cepa root tip cells were significant (p<0.05) when compared with the control group. The extracts treatment further induced cell death, ghost cells, cells membrane damage, and binucleated cells. The Zea mays husk extract was found to exhibit higher cytotoxic and genotoxic potential than Saccharum officinarum leaf extract. These results suggest that Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts possess cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on A. cepa. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8e2906fb0c91465e98a89c71b9eba3bc |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2089-6514 2540-9328 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-8e2906fb0c91465e98a89c71b9eba3bc2025-08-20T02:04:13ZengState Islamic University Sunan KalijagaBiology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry2089-65142540-93282024-10-0113253154010.14421/biomedich.2024.132.531-540305Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarumEmem Eyo Akpan0Martin Osita Anagboso1Imoh Imeh Johnny2Nwakaego Omonigho Ebong3Jude Efiom Okokon4University of UyoMadonna University NigeriaUniversity of UyoUniversity of Port HarcourtUniversity of UyoZea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum have been used for years in ethnomedicine for their antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiabetic, and antiphlogistic activities. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts on the root meristem cells of Allium cepa were investigated. Onion bulbs were exposed to 2.5 mg/ml, 5mg/ml, and 10 mg/ml concentrations of the extracts for macroscopic and microscopic analysis. Tap water was used as a negative control and Methotrexate (0.1 mg/ml) was used as a positive control. There was statistically significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of root growth depending on concentration by the extracts when compared with the negative control group. All the tested extracts were observed to have cytotoxic effects on cell division in A. cepa. The extract induced chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei (MNC) formations in A. cepa root tip cells were significant (p<0.05) when compared with the control group. The extracts treatment further induced cell death, ghost cells, cells membrane damage, and binucleated cells. The Zea mays husk extract was found to exhibit higher cytotoxic and genotoxic potential than Saccharum officinarum leaf extract. These results suggest that Zea mays husk and Saccharum officinarum leaf extracts possess cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on A. cepa.https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/560allium cepacytotoxicgenotoxicmedicinal plantszea mays husksacharum officinarum |
| spellingShingle | Emem Eyo Akpan Martin Osita Anagboso Imoh Imeh Johnny Nwakaego Omonigho Ebong Jude Efiom Okokon Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum Biology, Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry allium cepa cytotoxic genotoxic medicinal plants zea mays husk sacharum officinarum |
| title | Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum |
| title_full | Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum |
| title_fullStr | Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum |
| title_short | Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Cornhusk Extract of Zea mays and Leaf Extract of Sacharum officinarum |
| title_sort | genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of cornhusk extract of zea mays and leaf extract of sacharum officinarum |
| topic | allium cepa cytotoxic genotoxic medicinal plants zea mays husk sacharum officinarum |
| url | https://sciencebiology.org/index.php/BIOMEDICH/article/view/560 |
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