Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods

Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a significant complication following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Current diagnostic methods often detect kidney damage too late for effective intervention. This study evaluated proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early AKI biomarker after EVAR...

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Main Authors: Paulina Walczak-Wieteska, Konrad Zuzda, Jolanta Małyszko, Paweł Andruszkiewicz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Perioperative Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-025-00553-5
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author Paulina Walczak-Wieteska
Konrad Zuzda
Jolanta Małyszko
Paweł Andruszkiewicz
author_facet Paulina Walczak-Wieteska
Konrad Zuzda
Jolanta Małyszko
Paweł Andruszkiewicz
author_sort Paulina Walczak-Wieteska
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a significant complication following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Current diagnostic methods often detect kidney damage too late for effective intervention. This study evaluated proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early AKI biomarker after EVAR procedures, comparing point-of-care testing with the ELISA method. Methods Between April 2022 and June 2024, 68 patients undergoing elective EVAR were enrolled. Blood samples were collected preoperatively and for three consecutive postoperative days. Results AKI was diagnosed according to the KDIGO criteria, with proenkephalin A 119–159 measured via point-of-care (penKid) testing and laboratory ELISA method. AKI occurred in 18 patients (26.5%). penKid showed a superior diagnostic performance to ELISA, demonstrating moderate agreement with KDIGO criteria (Gwet’s AC1 = 0.52, p < .001). While penKid exhibited high sensitivity (80% day 1), specificity was moderate (51%). AKI patients had significantly higher median penKid levels (96.47 pmol/L vs 63.01 ng/mL, p = .001), longer hospital stays (12 vs 9 days, p = .028), and lower 6-month survival (50% vs 88.1%, p = .006). Conclusions penKid testing shows promise as an early AKI biomarker following EVAR procedures, particularly for identifying low-risk AKI patients. However, its moderate specificity suggests it should complement existing clinical assessment tools rather than replace them. These findings support incorporating penKid monitoring into structured AKI care bundles for improved perioperative kidney outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-8e09c231244f414b99efcd312278dfc32025-08-20T03:37:38ZengBMCPerioperative Medicine2047-05252025-07-011411810.1186/s13741-025-00553-5Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methodsPaulina Walczak-Wieteska0Konrad Zuzda1Jolanta Małyszko2Paweł Andruszkiewicz32nd Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of WarsawDepartment of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of WarsawDepartment of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw2nd Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of WarsawAbstract Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a significant complication following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Current diagnostic methods often detect kidney damage too late for effective intervention. This study evaluated proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early AKI biomarker after EVAR procedures, comparing point-of-care testing with the ELISA method. Methods Between April 2022 and June 2024, 68 patients undergoing elective EVAR were enrolled. Blood samples were collected preoperatively and for three consecutive postoperative days. Results AKI was diagnosed according to the KDIGO criteria, with proenkephalin A 119–159 measured via point-of-care (penKid) testing and laboratory ELISA method. AKI occurred in 18 patients (26.5%). penKid showed a superior diagnostic performance to ELISA, demonstrating moderate agreement with KDIGO criteria (Gwet’s AC1 = 0.52, p < .001). While penKid exhibited high sensitivity (80% day 1), specificity was moderate (51%). AKI patients had significantly higher median penKid levels (96.47 pmol/L vs 63.01 ng/mL, p = .001), longer hospital stays (12 vs 9 days, p = .028), and lower 6-month survival (50% vs 88.1%, p = .006). Conclusions penKid testing shows promise as an early AKI biomarker following EVAR procedures, particularly for identifying low-risk AKI patients. However, its moderate specificity suggests it should complement existing clinical assessment tools rather than replace them. These findings support incorporating penKid monitoring into structured AKI care bundles for improved perioperative kidney outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-025-00553-5ProenkephalinPenKidBiomarkerAKIEVAR
spellingShingle Paulina Walczak-Wieteska
Konrad Zuzda
Jolanta Małyszko
Paweł Andruszkiewicz
Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
Perioperative Medicine
Proenkephalin
PenKid
Biomarker
AKI
EVAR
title Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
title_full Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
title_fullStr Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
title_full_unstemmed Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
title_short Proenkephalin A 119–159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair: an explorative single-center cross-sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
title_sort proenkephalin a 119 159 as an early biomarker of acute kidney injury in complex endovascular aortic repair an explorative single center cross sectional study with the utilization of two measurement methods
topic Proenkephalin
PenKid
Biomarker
AKI
EVAR
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-025-00553-5
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