Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
Objective(s): Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, m...
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Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_24945_a8c72d0a3b45844e70934de7b291b2b3.pdf |
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| author | Sina Mahdavifard Hamid Reza Malekzadeh |
| author_facet | Sina Mahdavifard Hamid Reza Malekzadeh |
| author_sort | Sina Mahdavifard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective(s): Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, metabolic profile, and Glo-I activity in male rats with type-2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and Methods: Forty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic treated with thiamine (180 mg/l in drinking water), niacin (180 mg/l), and a combination of both. The treated groups received the treatments daily in drinking water for two months. T2DM was induced using a combination of nicotinamide and alloxan. Metabolic profile and renal dysfunction parameters were assessed. Additionally, various glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were measured.Results: The treated group with both vitamins showed the lowest blood sugar and insulin resistance indices, cardiovascular indices, renal dysfunction parameters, hepatic NF-kβ expression, oxidative stress, inflammatory and glycation markers, and the highest anti-oxidant and anti-glycation markers, β cell activity, and insulin sensitivity. Thiamine exhibited more anti-inflammatory activity than niacin in diabetic rats, while niacin demonstrated stronger anti-oxidant activity (P<0.001). Conclusion: The combined use of vitamins had a more beneficial impact on macro and microvascular complications in diabetes than each alone, attributed to their higher anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation characteristics. The vitamins also had a more corrective effect on glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and renal function through a stronger lowering effect on hepatic NF-kβ expression. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8df544adc82e4a26befe071ab9d1c7f7 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2008-3866 2008-3874 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-8df544adc82e4a26befe071ab9d1c7f72025-08-20T02:48:06ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742025-01-012819810410.22038/ijbms.2024.77553.1677124945Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complicationsSina Mahdavifard0Hamid Reza Malekzadeh1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranMedical Student of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranObjective(s): Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, metabolic profile, and Glo-I activity in male rats with type-2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and Methods: Forty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic treated with thiamine (180 mg/l in drinking water), niacin (180 mg/l), and a combination of both. The treated groups received the treatments daily in drinking water for two months. T2DM was induced using a combination of nicotinamide and alloxan. Metabolic profile and renal dysfunction parameters were assessed. Additionally, various glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were measured.Results: The treated group with both vitamins showed the lowest blood sugar and insulin resistance indices, cardiovascular indices, renal dysfunction parameters, hepatic NF-kβ expression, oxidative stress, inflammatory and glycation markers, and the highest anti-oxidant and anti-glycation markers, β cell activity, and insulin sensitivity. Thiamine exhibited more anti-inflammatory activity than niacin in diabetic rats, while niacin demonstrated stronger anti-oxidant activity (P<0.001). Conclusion: The combined use of vitamins had a more beneficial impact on macro and microvascular complications in diabetes than each alone, attributed to their higher anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation characteristics. The vitamins also had a more corrective effect on glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and renal function through a stronger lowering effect on hepatic NF-kβ expression.https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_24945_a8c72d0a3b45844e70934de7b291b2b3.pdfdiabetes complicationsglycationglyoxalase-iniacinnf-kappa βoxidative stressthiamine |
| spellingShingle | Sina Mahdavifard Hamid Reza Malekzadeh Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences diabetes complications glycation glyoxalase-i niacin nf-kappa β oxidative stress thiamine |
| title | Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications |
| title_full | Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications |
| title_fullStr | Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications |
| title_short | Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications |
| title_sort | symbiotic anti oxidant anti glycation and anti inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type 2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro vascular complications |
| topic | diabetes complications glycation glyoxalase-i niacin nf-kappa β oxidative stress thiamine |
| url | https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_24945_a8c72d0a3b45844e70934de7b291b2b3.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sinamahdavifard symbioticantioxidantantiglycationandantiinflammatoryqualitiesofacombinationofthiamineandniacinprotectedtype2diabeticmaleratsagainstbothmacroandmicrovascularcomplications AT hamidrezamalekzadeh symbioticantioxidantantiglycationandantiinflammatoryqualitiesofacombinationofthiamineandniacinprotectedtype2diabeticmaleratsagainstbothmacroandmicrovascularcomplications |