Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications

Objective(s): Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, m...

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Main Authors: Sina Mahdavifard, Hamid Reza Malekzadeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2025-01-01
Series:Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
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Online Access:https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_24945_a8c72d0a3b45844e70934de7b291b2b3.pdf
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author Sina Mahdavifard
Hamid Reza Malekzadeh
author_facet Sina Mahdavifard
Hamid Reza Malekzadeh
author_sort Sina Mahdavifard
collection DOAJ
description Objective(s): Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, metabolic profile, and Glo-I activity in male rats with type-2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and Methods: Forty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic treated with thiamine (180 mg/l in drinking water), niacin (180 mg/l), and a combination of both. The treated groups received the treatments daily in drinking water for two months. T2DM was induced using a combination of nicotinamide and alloxan. Metabolic profile and renal dysfunction parameters were assessed. Additionally, various glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were measured.Results: The treated group with both vitamins showed the lowest blood sugar and insulin resistance indices, cardiovascular indices, renal dysfunction parameters, hepatic NF-kβ expression, oxidative stress, inflammatory and glycation markers, and the highest anti-oxidant and anti-glycation markers, β cell activity, and insulin sensitivity. Thiamine exhibited more anti-inflammatory activity than niacin in diabetic rats, while niacin demonstrated stronger anti-oxidant activity (P<0.001).  Conclusion: The combined use of vitamins had a more beneficial impact on macro and microvascular complications in diabetes than each alone, attributed to their higher anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation characteristics. The vitamins also had a more corrective effect on glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and renal function through a stronger lowering effect on hepatic NF-kβ expression.
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spelling doaj-art-8df544adc82e4a26befe071ab9d1c7f72025-08-20T02:48:06ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742025-01-012819810410.22038/ijbms.2024.77553.1677124945Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complicationsSina Mahdavifard0Hamid Reza Malekzadeh1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranMedical Student of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranObjective(s): Increased nuclear factor (NF-kβ) and carbonyl stress due to decreased glyoxalase-1 activity (Glo-I) contribute significantly to insulin resistance and vascular complications. Therefore, we aimed to study the impact of the combination of thiamine and niacin on hepatic NF-kβ signaling, metabolic profile, and Glo-I activity in male rats with type-2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and Methods: Forty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic treated with thiamine (180 mg/l in drinking water), niacin (180 mg/l), and a combination of both. The treated groups received the treatments daily in drinking water for two months. T2DM was induced using a combination of nicotinamide and alloxan. Metabolic profile and renal dysfunction parameters were assessed. Additionally, various glycation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were measured.Results: The treated group with both vitamins showed the lowest blood sugar and insulin resistance indices, cardiovascular indices, renal dysfunction parameters, hepatic NF-kβ expression, oxidative stress, inflammatory and glycation markers, and the highest anti-oxidant and anti-glycation markers, β cell activity, and insulin sensitivity. Thiamine exhibited more anti-inflammatory activity than niacin in diabetic rats, while niacin demonstrated stronger anti-oxidant activity (P<0.001).  Conclusion: The combined use of vitamins had a more beneficial impact on macro and microvascular complications in diabetes than each alone, attributed to their higher anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycation characteristics. The vitamins also had a more corrective effect on glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and renal function through a stronger lowering effect on hepatic NF-kβ expression.https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_24945_a8c72d0a3b45844e70934de7b291b2b3.pdfdiabetes complicationsglycationglyoxalase-iniacinnf-kappa βoxidative stressthiamine
spellingShingle Sina Mahdavifard
Hamid Reza Malekzadeh
Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
diabetes complications
glycation
glyoxalase-i
niacin
nf-kappa β
oxidative stress
thiamine
title Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
title_full Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
title_fullStr Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
title_full_unstemmed Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
title_short Symbiotic anti-oxidant, anti-glycation, and anti-inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type-2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro-vascular complications
title_sort symbiotic anti oxidant anti glycation and anti inflammatory qualities of a combination of thiamine and niacin protected type 2 diabetic male rats against both macro and micro vascular complications
topic diabetes complications
glycation
glyoxalase-i
niacin
nf-kappa β
oxidative stress
thiamine
url https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_24945_a8c72d0a3b45844e70934de7b291b2b3.pdf
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