Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition

Plasma arc directed energy deposition (DED) technology faces challenges, such as low resolution, nonuniform layers, defects, and severe deformation, despite its advantage of rapid, large-scale manufacturing. Although a weaving process offers potential solutions to these issues, its optimization is c...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Min-Kyeom Kim, Yongjian Fang, Juwon Kim, Sungho Heo, Youngseob Jang, Heesung Ahn, Yonghwi Kim, Wanki Lee, Jonghwan Suhr
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425008269
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850140670864392192
author Min-Kyeom Kim
Yongjian Fang
Juwon Kim
Sungho Heo
Youngseob Jang
Heesung Ahn
Yonghwi Kim
Wanki Lee
Jonghwan Suhr
author_facet Min-Kyeom Kim
Yongjian Fang
Juwon Kim
Sungho Heo
Youngseob Jang
Heesung Ahn
Yonghwi Kim
Wanki Lee
Jonghwan Suhr
author_sort Min-Kyeom Kim
collection DOAJ
description Plasma arc directed energy deposition (DED) technology faces challenges, such as low resolution, nonuniform layers, defects, and severe deformation, despite its advantage of rapid, large-scale manufacturing. Although a weaving process offers potential solutions to these issues, its optimization is challenging due to more processing parameters than the stringer process. To address this, we introduce a semi-empirical modeling approach for the weaving process using 316L austenitic stainless steel. This modeling enables the empirical determination of the printable region and the numerical alleviation of residual stress and deformation, using multi-heat sources to significantly reduce computing time by up to 76.55 %. Our findings show that a larger weaving process notably decreases bead aspect ratio, dilution, and thermal deformation, thereby reducing uneven beads and layers, compared to the stringer process. Additionally, it enhances heat dissipation and minimizes the heat-affected zone, leading to a remarkable 69.98 % increase in elongation while maintaining a tensile strength at 486 MPa. This innovative approach offers a practical solution for enhancing the weaving process, overcoming its prevalent challenges to produce high-quality parts with improved properties.
format Article
id doaj-art-8ddea1b4ad3848e29d3fe163aa0b3061
institution OA Journals
issn 2238-7854
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Materials Research and Technology
spelling doaj-art-8ddea1b4ad3848e29d3fe163aa0b30612025-08-20T02:29:43ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-05-01365824583610.1016/j.jmrt.2025.04.006Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy depositionMin-Kyeom Kim0Yongjian Fang1Juwon Kim2Sungho Heo3Youngseob Jang4Heesung Ahn5Yonghwi Kim6Wanki Lee7Jonghwan Suhr8Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaBEES, Inc., #415, Hanshin S Meca, Techno 3-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34016, Republic of KoreaBEES, Inc., #415, Hanshin S Meca, Techno 3-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34016, Republic of KoreaBEES, Inc., #415, Hanshin S Meca, Techno 3-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34016, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.Plasma arc directed energy deposition (DED) technology faces challenges, such as low resolution, nonuniform layers, defects, and severe deformation, despite its advantage of rapid, large-scale manufacturing. Although a weaving process offers potential solutions to these issues, its optimization is challenging due to more processing parameters than the stringer process. To address this, we introduce a semi-empirical modeling approach for the weaving process using 316L austenitic stainless steel. This modeling enables the empirical determination of the printable region and the numerical alleviation of residual stress and deformation, using multi-heat sources to significantly reduce computing time by up to 76.55 %. Our findings show that a larger weaving process notably decreases bead aspect ratio, dilution, and thermal deformation, thereby reducing uneven beads and layers, compared to the stringer process. Additionally, it enhances heat dissipation and minimizes the heat-affected zone, leading to a remarkable 69.98 % increase in elongation while maintaining a tensile strength at 486 MPa. This innovative approach offers a practical solution for enhancing the weaving process, overcoming its prevalent challenges to produce high-quality parts with improved properties.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425008269Plasma arc directed energy deposition (DED)Weaving processDefectResidual stressThermomechanical simulation
spellingShingle Min-Kyeom Kim
Yongjian Fang
Juwon Kim
Sungho Heo
Youngseob Jang
Heesung Ahn
Yonghwi Kim
Wanki Lee
Jonghwan Suhr
Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Plasma arc directed energy deposition (DED)
Weaving process
Defect
Residual stress
Thermomechanical simulation
title Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
title_full Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
title_fullStr Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
title_full_unstemmed Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
title_short Semi-empirical modeling of weaving process for high-quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
title_sort semi empirical modeling of weaving process for high quality and property of stainless steel in plasma arc directed energy deposition
topic Plasma arc directed energy deposition (DED)
Weaving process
Defect
Residual stress
Thermomechanical simulation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425008269
work_keys_str_mv AT minkyeomkim semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT yongjianfang semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT juwonkim semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT sunghoheo semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT youngseobjang semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT heesungahn semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT yonghwikim semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT wankilee semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition
AT jonghwansuhr semiempiricalmodelingofweavingprocessforhighqualityandpropertyofstainlesssteelinplasmaarcdirectedenergydeposition