Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of respiratory infections in adults, particularly among older adults and individuals with chronic diseases. While traditionally linked to pediatric populations, RSV’s impact on adults, especially the elderly, is increasingly recognized but rem...

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Main Authors: Antonio Perčinić, Tara Vuletić, Nina Lizzul, Andrea Vukić Dugac, Ana Gverić Grginić, Irena Tabain, Dragan Jurić, Ana Budimir
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Pathogens
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/3/284
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author Antonio Perčinić
Tara Vuletić
Nina Lizzul
Andrea Vukić Dugac
Ana Gverić Grginić
Irena Tabain
Dragan Jurić
Ana Budimir
author_facet Antonio Perčinić
Tara Vuletić
Nina Lizzul
Andrea Vukić Dugac
Ana Gverić Grginić
Irena Tabain
Dragan Jurić
Ana Budimir
author_sort Antonio Perčinić
collection DOAJ
description Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of respiratory infections in adults, particularly among older adults and individuals with chronic diseases. While traditionally linked to pediatric populations, RSV’s impact on adults, especially the elderly, is increasingly recognized but remains understudied in many regions. This retrospective study, conducted at the University Hospital Center Zagreb from October 2022 to April 2024, is the first to analyze RSV-positive adults in Croatia. Using RT-PCR testing, we evaluated clinical and epidemiological characteristics in both hospitalized and outpatient populations, focusing on those aged > 65 years. Among 2631 tested individuals, the RSV prevalence was 5.25%, with older adults experiencing the most severe outcomes, including pneumonia, COPD exacerbation, and intensive care admissions. Seasonal analysis confirmed a winter peak in RSV cases, while chronic conditions such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were strongly associated with higher complication rates. These findings demonstrate that older adults with comorbidities bear the greatest burden of RSV infection, highlighting the need for the early identification of high-risk patients. By providing detailed insights into RSV-related outcomes in this population, this study supports the development of targeted prevention and management strategies to reduce the burden of RSV in vulnerable groups.
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spelling doaj-art-8dcaccb42c594db591cb68f9eaed861a2025-08-20T01:48:53ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172025-03-0114328410.3390/pathogens14030284Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)Antonio Perčinić0Tara Vuletić1Nina Lizzul2Andrea Vukić Dugac3Ana Gverić Grginić4Irena Tabain5Dragan Jurić6Ana Budimir7Department of Clinical Microbiology, Prevention, and Infection Control, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Respiratory Infections, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Prevention, and Infection Control, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Respiratory Infections, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaMicrobiological Service, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaMicrobiological Service, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaMicrobiological Service, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Prevention, and Infection Control, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of respiratory infections in adults, particularly among older adults and individuals with chronic diseases. While traditionally linked to pediatric populations, RSV’s impact on adults, especially the elderly, is increasingly recognized but remains understudied in many regions. This retrospective study, conducted at the University Hospital Center Zagreb from October 2022 to April 2024, is the first to analyze RSV-positive adults in Croatia. Using RT-PCR testing, we evaluated clinical and epidemiological characteristics in both hospitalized and outpatient populations, focusing on those aged > 65 years. Among 2631 tested individuals, the RSV prevalence was 5.25%, with older adults experiencing the most severe outcomes, including pneumonia, COPD exacerbation, and intensive care admissions. Seasonal analysis confirmed a winter peak in RSV cases, while chronic conditions such as cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were strongly associated with higher complication rates. These findings demonstrate that older adults with comorbidities bear the greatest burden of RSV infection, highlighting the need for the early identification of high-risk patients. By providing detailed insights into RSV-related outcomes in this population, this study supports the development of targeted prevention and management strategies to reduce the burden of RSV in vulnerable groups.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/3/284respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)adult RSV infectionschronic diseasesRSV complicationsRT-PCR
spellingShingle Antonio Perčinić
Tara Vuletić
Nina Lizzul
Andrea Vukić Dugac
Ana Gverić Grginić
Irena Tabain
Dragan Jurić
Ana Budimir
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)
Pathogens
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
adult RSV infections
chronic diseases
RSV complications
RT-PCR
title Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)
title_full Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)
title_fullStr Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)
title_short Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Adult RSV Infections: A Retrospective Analysis at University Hospital Center Zagreb (2022–2024)
title_sort epidemiological and clinical characteristics of adult rsv infections a retrospective analysis at university hospital center zagreb 2022 2024
topic respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
adult RSV infections
chronic diseases
RSV complications
RT-PCR
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/3/284
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