Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents

GABA-based ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and their properties compared with those of ILs and DESs with similar structures. In ILs, using GABA as the anion, [N4444][GABA], [N2224][GABA] and [N4446][GABA] in combination with ammonium, [C2mim][GABA] in combinati...

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Main Authors: Satoshi Kitaoka, Natsuko Shimaike, Yuhei Kubo, Yukino Isshiki, Anju Furukawa, Kaoru Nobuoka
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Ionic Liquids
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422025000102
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author Satoshi Kitaoka
Natsuko Shimaike
Yuhei Kubo
Yukino Isshiki
Anju Furukawa
Kaoru Nobuoka
author_facet Satoshi Kitaoka
Natsuko Shimaike
Yuhei Kubo
Yukino Isshiki
Anju Furukawa
Kaoru Nobuoka
author_sort Satoshi Kitaoka
collection DOAJ
description GABA-based ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and their properties compared with those of ILs and DESs with similar structures. In ILs, using GABA as the anion, [N4444][GABA], [N2224][GABA] and [N4446][GABA] in combination with ammonium, [C2mim][GABA] in combination with imidazolium and [Ch][GABA] in combination with the biological substance choline were synthesized. Among the ILs under investigation, [N2224][GABA], [N4446][GABA] and [C2mim][GABA] were liquid at room temperature. In DESs, GABA was used as the hydrogen bond donor and three GABA-based DESs were prepared by combining [Ch][Cl], [L-Car][Cl], and [DL-Car][Cl] as hydrogen bond acceptors. Among these DESs, [L-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) and [DL-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) were shown to be liquid at room temperature. Comparing the viscosities of the prepared liquids showed that DESs was significantly higher than ILs. The viscosity increase was suggested to be due to the hydrogen bond acceptors of [L-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) and [DL-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) having carboxyl groups. The toxicity of GABA-based ILs and DESs was investigated using HeLa cells, which showed that their cytotoxicity was similar to or lower than that of GABA alone in HeLa cells.
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spelling doaj-art-8dc370068ccd467abe2895e1a662f3af2025-08-20T02:06:44ZengElsevierJournal of Ionic Liquids2772-42202025-06-015110014110.1016/j.jil.2025.100141Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solventsSatoshi Kitaoka0Natsuko Shimaike1Yuhei Kubo2Yukino Isshiki3Anju Furukawa4Kaoru Nobuoka5Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Umenobe 1, Takaya, Higashihiroshima 739-2116, Japan; Corresponding author.Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Umenobe 1, Takaya, Higashihiroshima 739-2116, JapanDepartment of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kindai University, Umenobe 1, Takaya, Higashihiroshima 739-2116, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita 870-1192, JapanDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita 870-1192, JapanDepartment of Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita 870-1192, JapanGABA-based ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and their properties compared with those of ILs and DESs with similar structures. In ILs, using GABA as the anion, [N4444][GABA], [N2224][GABA] and [N4446][GABA] in combination with ammonium, [C2mim][GABA] in combination with imidazolium and [Ch][GABA] in combination with the biological substance choline were synthesized. Among the ILs under investigation, [N2224][GABA], [N4446][GABA] and [C2mim][GABA] were liquid at room temperature. In DESs, GABA was used as the hydrogen bond donor and three GABA-based DESs were prepared by combining [Ch][Cl], [L-Car][Cl], and [DL-Car][Cl] as hydrogen bond acceptors. Among these DESs, [L-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) and [DL-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) were shown to be liquid at room temperature. Comparing the viscosities of the prepared liquids showed that DESs was significantly higher than ILs. The viscosity increase was suggested to be due to the hydrogen bond acceptors of [L-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) and [DL-Car][Cl] : GABA (1:1) having carboxyl groups. The toxicity of GABA-based ILs and DESs was investigated using HeLa cells, which showed that their cytotoxicity was similar to or lower than that of GABA alone in HeLa cells.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422025000102Ionic liquidsDeep eutectic solventsGabaBiocompatible media
spellingShingle Satoshi Kitaoka
Natsuko Shimaike
Yuhei Kubo
Yukino Isshiki
Anju Furukawa
Kaoru Nobuoka
Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
Journal of Ionic Liquids
Ionic liquids
Deep eutectic solvents
Gaba
Biocompatible media
title Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
title_full Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
title_fullStr Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
title_short Synthesis and properties of GABA-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
title_sort synthesis and properties of gaba based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
topic Ionic liquids
Deep eutectic solvents
Gaba
Biocompatible media
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422025000102
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