Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Background. Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention for patients with critical illnesses, yet it is associated with higher mortality in resource-constrained settings. This study intended to determine factors associated with the mortality of mechanically ventilated adult intensive care u...

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Main Authors: Finot Debebe, Alberto Goffi, Tewodros Haile, Fetiya Alferid, Haimanot Estifanos, Neill K. J. Adhikari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:Critical Care Research and Practice
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7797328
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author Finot Debebe
Alberto Goffi
Tewodros Haile
Fetiya Alferid
Haimanot Estifanos
Neill K. J. Adhikari
author_facet Finot Debebe
Alberto Goffi
Tewodros Haile
Fetiya Alferid
Haimanot Estifanos
Neill K. J. Adhikari
author_sort Finot Debebe
collection DOAJ
description Background. Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention for patients with critical illnesses, yet it is associated with higher mortality in resource-constrained settings. This study intended to determine factors associated with the mortality of mechanically ventilated adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods. A one-year retrospective inception cohort study was conducted using manual chart review in ICU patients (age >13) admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia) from September 2019 to September 2020; mechanically ventilated patients were followed to hospital discharge. Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were collected; logistic regression was used to determine mortality predictors in the ICU. Result. A total of 160 patients were included; 85/160 (53.1%) were females and the mean (SD) age was 38.9 (16.2) years. The commonest indication for ICU admission was a respiratory problem (n = 97/160, 60.7%). ICU and hospital mortality were 60.7% (n = 97/160) and 63.1% (n = 101/160), respectively. Coma (Glasgow Coma Score <8 or 7 with an endotracheal tube (7T)) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 6.3, 95% confidence interval 1.19–33.00), cardiovascular diagnosis (AOR 5.05 [1.80–14.15]), and a very low serum albumin level (<2 g/dl) (AOR 4.9 [1.73–13.93]) were independent predictors of mortality (P<0.05). The most commonly observed complication was ICU acquired infection (n = 48, 30%). Conclusions. ICU mortality in ventilated patients is high. Coma, a very low serum albumin level (<2 g/dl), and cardiovascular diagnosis were independent predictors of mortality. A multifaceted approach focused on developing and implementing context appropriate guidelines and improving skilled healthcare worker availability may prove effective in reducing mortality.
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spelling doaj-art-8d7879f37b34442ead0c3bcdbff56a7e2025-08-20T03:37:56ZengWileyCritical Care Research and Practice2090-13132022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7797328Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, EthiopiaFinot Debebe0Alberto Goffi1Tewodros Haile2Fetiya Alferid3Haimanot Estifanos4Neill K. J. Adhikari5Addis Ababa UniversityInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care MedicineAddis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa UniversitySaint Paul Millennium Medical CollegeInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care MedicineBackground. Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention for patients with critical illnesses, yet it is associated with higher mortality in resource-constrained settings. This study intended to determine factors associated with the mortality of mechanically ventilated adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods. A one-year retrospective inception cohort study was conducted using manual chart review in ICU patients (age >13) admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia) from September 2019 to September 2020; mechanically ventilated patients were followed to hospital discharge. Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were collected; logistic regression was used to determine mortality predictors in the ICU. Result. A total of 160 patients were included; 85/160 (53.1%) were females and the mean (SD) age was 38.9 (16.2) years. The commonest indication for ICU admission was a respiratory problem (n = 97/160, 60.7%). ICU and hospital mortality were 60.7% (n = 97/160) and 63.1% (n = 101/160), respectively. Coma (Glasgow Coma Score <8 or 7 with an endotracheal tube (7T)) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 6.3, 95% confidence interval 1.19–33.00), cardiovascular diagnosis (AOR 5.05 [1.80–14.15]), and a very low serum albumin level (<2 g/dl) (AOR 4.9 [1.73–13.93]) were independent predictors of mortality (P<0.05). The most commonly observed complication was ICU acquired infection (n = 48, 30%). Conclusions. ICU mortality in ventilated patients is high. Coma, a very low serum albumin level (<2 g/dl), and cardiovascular diagnosis were independent predictors of mortality. A multifaceted approach focused on developing and implementing context appropriate guidelines and improving skilled healthcare worker availability may prove effective in reducing mortality.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7797328
spellingShingle Finot Debebe
Alberto Goffi
Tewodros Haile
Fetiya Alferid
Haimanot Estifanos
Neill K. J. Adhikari
Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Critical Care Research and Practice
title Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
title_full Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
title_fullStr Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
title_short Predictors of ICU Mortality among Mechanically Ventilated Patients: An Inception Cohort Study from a Tertiary Care Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
title_sort predictors of icu mortality among mechanically ventilated patients an inception cohort study from a tertiary care center in addis ababa ethiopia
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7797328
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