Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations
We performed a thorough search of the literature published through December 2024 with no date exclusions on invasive fungal infection (IFI)-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The frequency of IFI-induced HLH reported across 16 article...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/2/158 |
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| author | Chia-Yu Chiu Rachel S. Hicklen Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis |
| author_facet | Chia-Yu Chiu Rachel S. Hicklen Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis |
| author_sort | Chia-Yu Chiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We performed a thorough search of the literature published through December 2024 with no date exclusions on invasive fungal infection (IFI)-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The frequency of IFI-induced HLH reported across 16 articles was 9%. Of the 116 identified cases with available clinical information, 53% occurred in immunocompromised patients. IFIs were usually disseminated (76%), with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> being the most common pathogen (51%). IFI and HLH were diagnosed simultaneously in most cases (78%). The 30-day survival rate was 64%. Reported cases had significant heterogeneity in patient characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8d620ed7119848e296b44cc2a46a4ad0 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj-art-8d620ed7119848e296b44cc2a46a4ad02025-08-20T02:45:00ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2025-02-0111215810.3390/jof11020158Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV PopulationsChia-Yu Chiu0Rachel S. Hicklen1Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis2Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USAResearch Medical Library, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USAWe performed a thorough search of the literature published through December 2024 with no date exclusions on invasive fungal infection (IFI)-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. The frequency of IFI-induced HLH reported across 16 articles was 9%. Of the 116 identified cases with available clinical information, 53% occurred in immunocompromised patients. IFIs were usually disseminated (76%), with <i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> being the most common pathogen (51%). IFI and HLH were diagnosed simultaneously in most cases (78%). The 30-day survival rate was 64%. Reported cases had significant heterogeneity in patient characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/2/158hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosisinvasive fungal infectionhematologic malignanciessolid organ transplantimmunocompromised hosts |
| spellingShingle | Chia-Yu Chiu Rachel S. Hicklen Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations Journal of Fungi hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis invasive fungal infection hematologic malignancies solid organ transplant immunocompromised hosts |
| title | Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations |
| title_full | Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations |
| title_fullStr | Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations |
| title_short | Fungal-Induced Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Literature Review in Non-HIV Populations |
| title_sort | fungal induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis a literature review in non hiv populations |
| topic | hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis invasive fungal infection hematologic malignancies solid organ transplant immunocompromised hosts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/2/158 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chiayuchiu fungalinducedhemophagocyticlymphohistiocytosisaliteraturereviewinnonhivpopulations AT rachelshicklen fungalinducedhemophagocyticlymphohistiocytosisaliteraturereviewinnonhivpopulations AT dimitriospkontoyiannis fungalinducedhemophagocyticlymphohistiocytosisaliteraturereviewinnonhivpopulations |