Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?

In this review, we summarize current insights into the treatment of functional constipation (FC) in children. Constipation is a global issue in the pediatric population, with a prevalence of approximately 9.5%. Initial management involves a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological inte...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Charlotte A. L. Jonker, Tirza M. van Os, Ramon R. Gorter, Marc A. Levitt, Marc A. Benninga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Children
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/7/857
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850078135658217472
author Charlotte A. L. Jonker
Tirza M. van Os
Ramon R. Gorter
Marc A. Levitt
Marc A. Benninga
author_facet Charlotte A. L. Jonker
Tirza M. van Os
Ramon R. Gorter
Marc A. Levitt
Marc A. Benninga
author_sort Charlotte A. L. Jonker
collection DOAJ
description In this review, we summarize current insights into the treatment of functional constipation (FC) in children. Constipation is a global issue in the pediatric population, with a prevalence of approximately 9.5%. Initial management involves a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions. However, a significant number of children continue to experience therapy-resistant FC despite optimal non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. While studies on novel pharmacological options in children are limited, adult trials have shown promising results. New agents such as lubiprostone, prucalopride, linaclotide, and plecanatide have demonstrated improved outcomes compared to placebo or conventional therapies, particularly in increasing spontaneous bowel movements. Neurostimulation presents an additional treatment modality. Posterior tibial nerve stimulation appears to be a promising new option, offering high treatment satisfaction and a favorable safety profile with a low rate of severe adverse events. For children who do not respond to optimal conservative therapy, the impact on quality of life can be substantial. In such cases, surgical interventions may be considered, including intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injections, antegrade continence enema surgery, and, in severe cases, colonic resection or a diverting ostomy. The choice of surgical treatment remains a subject of ongoing debate. Therapy-resistant FC in children is a complex and impactful condition. An individualized, stepwise approach is essential, with surgical options such as colonic resection reserved as a last resort.
format Article
id doaj-art-8d56510436ca4e4589f3b6a2da39baad
institution DOAJ
issn 2227-9067
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Children
spelling doaj-art-8d56510436ca4e4589f3b6a2da39baad2025-08-20T02:45:38ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672025-06-0112785710.3390/children12070857Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?Charlotte A. L. Jonker0Tirza M. van Os1Ramon R. Gorter2Marc A. Levitt3Marc A. Benninga4Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDivision of Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USADepartment of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The NetherlandsIn this review, we summarize current insights into the treatment of functional constipation (FC) in children. Constipation is a global issue in the pediatric population, with a prevalence of approximately 9.5%. Initial management involves a combination of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions. However, a significant number of children continue to experience therapy-resistant FC despite optimal non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. While studies on novel pharmacological options in children are limited, adult trials have shown promising results. New agents such as lubiprostone, prucalopride, linaclotide, and plecanatide have demonstrated improved outcomes compared to placebo or conventional therapies, particularly in increasing spontaneous bowel movements. Neurostimulation presents an additional treatment modality. Posterior tibial nerve stimulation appears to be a promising new option, offering high treatment satisfaction and a favorable safety profile with a low rate of severe adverse events. For children who do not respond to optimal conservative therapy, the impact on quality of life can be substantial. In such cases, surgical interventions may be considered, including intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injections, antegrade continence enema surgery, and, in severe cases, colonic resection or a diverting ostomy. The choice of surgical treatment remains a subject of ongoing debate. Therapy-resistant FC in children is a complex and impactful condition. An individualized, stepwise approach is essential, with surgical options such as colonic resection reserved as a last resort.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/7/857functional constipationpediatricssurgerynew pharmacological approachesneurostimulation
spellingShingle Charlotte A. L. Jonker
Tirza M. van Os
Ramon R. Gorter
Marc A. Levitt
Marc A. Benninga
Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?
Children
functional constipation
pediatrics
surgery
new pharmacological approaches
neurostimulation
title Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?
title_full Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?
title_fullStr Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?
title_full_unstemmed Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?
title_short Current Treatment Options for Children with Functional Constipation—What Is in the Pipeline?
title_sort current treatment options for children with functional constipation what is in the pipeline
topic functional constipation
pediatrics
surgery
new pharmacological approaches
neurostimulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/12/7/857
work_keys_str_mv AT charlottealjonker currenttreatmentoptionsforchildrenwithfunctionalconstipationwhatisinthepipeline
AT tirzamvanos currenttreatmentoptionsforchildrenwithfunctionalconstipationwhatisinthepipeline
AT ramonrgorter currenttreatmentoptionsforchildrenwithfunctionalconstipationwhatisinthepipeline
AT marcalevitt currenttreatmentoptionsforchildrenwithfunctionalconstipationwhatisinthepipeline
AT marcabenninga currenttreatmentoptionsforchildrenwithfunctionalconstipationwhatisinthepipeline