The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ

Abstract The p3 peptides, Aβ17-40/42, are a common alternative cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein, and are found in diffuse amyloid deposits of Alzheimer’s and Down Syndrome brains. The p3 peptides have been mis-named ‘non-amyloidogenic’. Here we show p340/42 peptides rapidly form amy...

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Main Authors: Yao Tian, Andrea P. Torres-Flores, Qi Shang, Hui Zhang, Anum Khursheed, Bogachan Tahirbegi, Patrick N. Pallier, John H. Viles
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57341-4
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author Yao Tian
Andrea P. Torres-Flores
Qi Shang
Hui Zhang
Anum Khursheed
Bogachan Tahirbegi
Patrick N. Pallier
John H. Viles
author_facet Yao Tian
Andrea P. Torres-Flores
Qi Shang
Hui Zhang
Anum Khursheed
Bogachan Tahirbegi
Patrick N. Pallier
John H. Viles
author_sort Yao Tian
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The p3 peptides, Aβ17-40/42, are a common alternative cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein, and are found in diffuse amyloid deposits of Alzheimer’s and Down Syndrome brains. The p3 peptides have been mis-named ‘non-amyloidogenic’. Here we show p340/42 peptides rapidly form amyloid fibrils, with kinetics dominated by secondary nucleation. Importantly, cross-seeding experiments, with full-length Aβ induces a strong nucleation between p3 and Aβ peptides. The cross-seeding interaction is highly specific, and occurs only when the C-terminal residues are matched. We have imaged membrane interactions with p3, and monitored Ca2+ influx and cell viability with p3 peptide. Together this data suggests the N-terminal residues influence, but are not essential for, membrane disruption. Single particle analysis of TEM images indicates p3 peptides can form ring-like annular oligomers. Patch-clamp electrophysiology, shows p342 oligomers are capable of forming large ion-channels across cellular membranes. A role for p3 peptides in disease pathology should be considered as p3 peptides are cytotoxic and cross-seed Aβ fibril formation in vitro.
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issn 2041-1723
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spelling doaj-art-8d3d9d5834854a7fa6f80307cfe8df652025-08-20T03:04:34ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-02-0116111310.1038/s41467-025-57341-4The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length AβYao Tian0Andrea P. Torres-Flores1Qi Shang2Hui Zhang3Anum Khursheed4Bogachan Tahirbegi5Patrick N. Pallier6John H. Viles7Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonThe Blizard Institute, Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Queen Mary University of LondonDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of LondonAbstract The p3 peptides, Aβ17-40/42, are a common alternative cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein, and are found in diffuse amyloid deposits of Alzheimer’s and Down Syndrome brains. The p3 peptides have been mis-named ‘non-amyloidogenic’. Here we show p340/42 peptides rapidly form amyloid fibrils, with kinetics dominated by secondary nucleation. Importantly, cross-seeding experiments, with full-length Aβ induces a strong nucleation between p3 and Aβ peptides. The cross-seeding interaction is highly specific, and occurs only when the C-terminal residues are matched. We have imaged membrane interactions with p3, and monitored Ca2+ influx and cell viability with p3 peptide. Together this data suggests the N-terminal residues influence, but are not essential for, membrane disruption. Single particle analysis of TEM images indicates p3 peptides can form ring-like annular oligomers. Patch-clamp electrophysiology, shows p342 oligomers are capable of forming large ion-channels across cellular membranes. A role for p3 peptides in disease pathology should be considered as p3 peptides are cytotoxic and cross-seed Aβ fibril formation in vitro.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57341-4
spellingShingle Yao Tian
Andrea P. Torres-Flores
Qi Shang
Hui Zhang
Anum Khursheed
Bogachan Tahirbegi
Patrick N. Pallier
John H. Viles
The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
Nature Communications
title The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
title_full The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
title_fullStr The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
title_full_unstemmed The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
title_short The p3 peptides (Aβ17-40/42) rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross-seed with full-length Aβ
title_sort p3 peptides aβ17 40 42 rapidly form amyloid fibrils that cross seed with full length aβ
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57341-4
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