Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight
Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are invaluable for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD) and plant immunity and identifying more LMMs expands our understanding of these complex processes. In this study, we characterized a novel rice LMM, spl39, identified through heavy-ion b...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1639365/full |
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| author | Cheng Fang Wei Ma Xiaotong Zhu Xiaotong Zhu Lingling Peng Lingling Peng Liangzhi Tao Zhiqiang Zhao Fengbin Wang Yafeng Ye Bojun Ma Yuejin Wu Jie Yuan Binmei Liu Xifeng Chen Weimin Cheng |
| author_facet | Cheng Fang Wei Ma Xiaotong Zhu Xiaotong Zhu Lingling Peng Lingling Peng Liangzhi Tao Zhiqiang Zhao Fengbin Wang Yafeng Ye Bojun Ma Yuejin Wu Jie Yuan Binmei Liu Xifeng Chen Weimin Cheng |
| author_sort | Cheng Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are invaluable for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD) and plant immunity and identifying more LMMs expands our understanding of these complex processes. In this study, we characterized a novel rice LMM, spl39, identified through heavy-ion beam irradiation. The spl39 mutant exhibits reddish-brown lesions from the tillering stage, reduced plant height, grain size, and fertility. Chloroplast ultrastructure analysis revealed thylakoid disruption and membrane damage, contributing to reduced photosynthetic capacity. Excessive ROS accumulation and reduced antioxidative enzyme activities triggered PCD. Genetic mapping identified a 306-kb deletion in spl39, encompassing 33 genes, including 12 from the diterpenoid biosynthesis gene cluster. Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of hormone signaling and defense-related pathways, consistent with elevated levels of SA, JA, auxins, and cytokinins. The spl39 mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to bacterial blight with reduced lesion lengths and increased expression of defense-related genes. These findings highlight the role of large genomic deletions in reprogramming plant metabolism and immunity, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying lesion mimic phenotypes and disease resistance in rice. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8d1d84a3c4b843fbbbad2e8f8b01113a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-8d1d84a3c4b843fbbbad2e8f8b01113a2025-08-20T03:40:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-08-011610.3389/fpls.2025.16393651639365Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blightCheng Fang0Wei Ma1Xiaotong Zhu2Xiaotong Zhu3Lingling Peng4Lingling Peng5Liangzhi Tao6Zhiqiang Zhao7Fengbin Wang8Yafeng Ye9Bojun Ma10Yuejin Wu11Jie Yuan12Binmei Liu13Xifeng Chen14Weimin Cheng15Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaHuaihe River Basin Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Scientific Research Center of Huaihe River Basin Ecological Environmental Supervision and Administration Bureau, Bengbu, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaCollege of and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaCollege of and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaCollege of and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaInstitute of Crop Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaCollege of and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, ChinaKey Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaLesion mimic mutants (LMMs) are invaluable for uncovering the molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death (PCD) and plant immunity and identifying more LMMs expands our understanding of these complex processes. In this study, we characterized a novel rice LMM, spl39, identified through heavy-ion beam irradiation. The spl39 mutant exhibits reddish-brown lesions from the tillering stage, reduced plant height, grain size, and fertility. Chloroplast ultrastructure analysis revealed thylakoid disruption and membrane damage, contributing to reduced photosynthetic capacity. Excessive ROS accumulation and reduced antioxidative enzyme activities triggered PCD. Genetic mapping identified a 306-kb deletion in spl39, encompassing 33 genes, including 12 from the diterpenoid biosynthesis gene cluster. Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of hormone signaling and defense-related pathways, consistent with elevated levels of SA, JA, auxins, and cytokinins. The spl39 mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to bacterial blight with reduced lesion lengths and increased expression of defense-related genes. These findings highlight the role of large genomic deletions in reprogramming plant metabolism and immunity, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying lesion mimic phenotypes and disease resistance in rice.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1639365/fullricespl39lesion-mimic mutantreactive oxygen speciesgenomic deletiondisease resistance |
| spellingShingle | Cheng Fang Wei Ma Xiaotong Zhu Xiaotong Zhu Lingling Peng Lingling Peng Liangzhi Tao Zhiqiang Zhao Fengbin Wang Yafeng Ye Bojun Ma Yuejin Wu Jie Yuan Binmei Liu Xifeng Chen Weimin Cheng Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight Frontiers in Plant Science rice spl39 lesion-mimic mutant reactive oxygen species genomic deletion disease resistance |
| title | Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight |
| title_full | Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight |
| title_fullStr | Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight |
| title_full_unstemmed | Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight |
| title_short | Large-scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight |
| title_sort | large scale genomic deletion in spl39 activates immune responses and confers resistance to rice bacterial blight |
| topic | rice spl39 lesion-mimic mutant reactive oxygen species genomic deletion disease resistance |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2025.1639365/full |
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