The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses

Abstract Background Nursing is crucial for delivering healthcare services; however, nursing shortages pose a significant global challenge, which the high turnover rate of junior nurses is expected to exacerbate. Enhancing nurses’ professional identities is likely to be an effective strategy for redu...

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Main Authors: Lijie Huang, Xiangsheng Zhang, Feijie Wang, Songbo Zhang, Xiaoxia Chang, Yinping Chu, Lu Wang, Wenwen Jia, Beibei Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:BMC Nursing
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02534-3
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author Lijie Huang
Xiangsheng Zhang
Feijie Wang
Songbo Zhang
Xiaoxia Chang
Yinping Chu
Lu Wang
Wenwen Jia
Beibei Zhang
author_facet Lijie Huang
Xiangsheng Zhang
Feijie Wang
Songbo Zhang
Xiaoxia Chang
Yinping Chu
Lu Wang
Wenwen Jia
Beibei Zhang
author_sort Lijie Huang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Nursing is crucial for delivering healthcare services; however, nursing shortages pose a significant global challenge, which the high turnover rate of junior nurses is expected to exacerbate. Enhancing nurses’ professional identities is likely to be an effective strategy for reducing turnover rates. Methods We recruited 865 junior clinical nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Henan Province, China. The participants completed a demographic questionnaire along with the Reflective Ability Scale for Clinical Nurses, the Nursing Profession Self-efficacy Scale, the Nursing Staff Self-learning Ability Evaluation Scale, and the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses. The relationships between reflective ability, self-directed learning, self-efficacy, and professional identity were evaluated using SPSS26.0, with PROCESS version 3.5 used to construct a chain-mediation model. Results Positive correlations were found between reflective ability, self-directed learning, self-efficacy, and professional identity. Chain mediation model analysis showed that reflective ability, self-directed learning, and self-efficacy directly and positively affected professional identity (β = 0.22, β = 0.30, β = 0.66, all p < 0.001). Self-directed learning and self-efficacy exerted a significant chain mediating effect between reflective ability and professional identity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06–0.13). The total effect of reflective ability on the professional identity of clinical nurses was 0.51 (p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.42–0.59), the direct effect was 0.22 (p < 0 0.001, 95%CI: 0.14–0.29), and the indirect effect was 0.29 (p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.22–0.37). Conclusion Self-directed learning and self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between reflective ability and professional identity. Multifaceted strategies targeted at enhancing reflective ability, self-directed learning, and self-efficacy are recommended to improve junior clinical nurses’ professional identities.
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spelling doaj-art-8d0185c030494ed9bc35ca1fc8a194de2025-08-20T02:51:46ZengBMCBMC Nursing1472-69552024-11-012311810.1186/s12912-024-02534-3The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nursesLijie Huang0Xiangsheng Zhang1Feijie Wang2Songbo Zhang3Xiaoxia Chang4Yinping Chu5Lu Wang6Wenwen Jia7Beibei Zhang8Department of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalDepartment of Andrology and Energy Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalDepartment of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalOperating Theater, Henan Orthopaedic HospitalDepartment of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalDepartment of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalDepartment of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalDepartment of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalDepartment of Urinary Surgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalAbstract Background Nursing is crucial for delivering healthcare services; however, nursing shortages pose a significant global challenge, which the high turnover rate of junior nurses is expected to exacerbate. Enhancing nurses’ professional identities is likely to be an effective strategy for reducing turnover rates. Methods We recruited 865 junior clinical nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Henan Province, China. The participants completed a demographic questionnaire along with the Reflective Ability Scale for Clinical Nurses, the Nursing Profession Self-efficacy Scale, the Nursing Staff Self-learning Ability Evaluation Scale, and the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses. The relationships between reflective ability, self-directed learning, self-efficacy, and professional identity were evaluated using SPSS26.0, with PROCESS version 3.5 used to construct a chain-mediation model. Results Positive correlations were found between reflective ability, self-directed learning, self-efficacy, and professional identity. Chain mediation model analysis showed that reflective ability, self-directed learning, and self-efficacy directly and positively affected professional identity (β = 0.22, β = 0.30, β = 0.66, all p < 0.001). Self-directed learning and self-efficacy exerted a significant chain mediating effect between reflective ability and professional identity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06–0.13). The total effect of reflective ability on the professional identity of clinical nurses was 0.51 (p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.42–0.59), the direct effect was 0.22 (p < 0 0.001, 95%CI: 0.14–0.29), and the indirect effect was 0.29 (p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.22–0.37). Conclusion Self-directed learning and self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between reflective ability and professional identity. Multifaceted strategies targeted at enhancing reflective ability, self-directed learning, and self-efficacy are recommended to improve junior clinical nurses’ professional identities.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02534-3Reflective abilitySelf-efficacySelf-directed learningProfessional identityClinical nurses
spellingShingle Lijie Huang
Xiangsheng Zhang
Feijie Wang
Songbo Zhang
Xiaoxia Chang
Yinping Chu
Lu Wang
Wenwen Jia
Beibei Zhang
The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses
BMC Nursing
Reflective ability
Self-efficacy
Self-directed learning
Professional identity
Clinical nurses
title The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses
title_full The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses
title_fullStr The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses
title_full_unstemmed The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses
title_short The relationship between reflective ability and professional identity: the mediating effect of self-directed learning and self-efficacy for junior clinical nurses
title_sort relationship between reflective ability and professional identity the mediating effect of self directed learning and self efficacy for junior clinical nurses
topic Reflective ability
Self-efficacy
Self-directed learning
Professional identity
Clinical nurses
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-024-02534-3
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