Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins

Fresh-cut salads are highly appreciated by consumers due to their healthy and convenient nature. Fresh-cut (FC) lettuce is one of the best-selling FC products due to its freshness and low preparation time for salads. However, FC lettuce is very perishable and, in addition, has been recently associat...

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Main Authors: María de los Ángeles Martínez-Sánchez, Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Foods
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/19/3142
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author María de los Ángeles Martínez-Sánchez
Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández
Antonio López-Gómez
author_facet María de los Ángeles Martínez-Sánchez
Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández
Antonio López-Gómez
author_sort María de los Ángeles Martínez-Sánchez
collection DOAJ
description Fresh-cut salads are highly appreciated by consumers due to their healthy and convenient nature. Fresh-cut (FC) lettuce is one of the best-selling FC products due to its freshness and low preparation time for salads. However, FC lettuce is very perishable and, in addition, has been recently associated with severe foodborne illness alerts. Alternative natural sanitizing treatments to conventional sodium hypochlorite are needed. The antimicrobial activity of vinegar has been well-known since ancient times. In addition, bioactive compounds from plant byproducts are widely recognized for their antioxidant properties. This work aimed to evaluate the use of a novel and encapsulated vinegar powder enriched with bioactive compounds from fruit byproducts with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties to preserve the physicochemical (titratable acidity, total soluble solids, weight loss, and color), microbial (psychrophiles, enterobacteria, lactic-acid bacteria, molds, and yeasts), and sensory quality of FC lettuce at 4 °C for up to 10 days. Small to no differences were observed in terms of physicochemical quality (≈0.1% titratable acidity; 2.3–3.3% total soluble solids; <1% weight loss) in comparison to control samples through storage. Vinegar treatments reduced by 2–4 log CFU g<sup>−1</sup> the microbial loads after 10 days. In addition, a synergistic sensory antibrowning effect (greener and less yellowish appearance, showing −<i>a</i>* and −<i>b</i>*) between organic acids and the released polyphenols from the encapsulated plant byproduct extracts was observed. Hence, the enriched encapsulated vinegar represents an effective green alternative to conventional sanitizers to maintain the quality of FC lettuce through storage time.
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spelling doaj-art-8cff6cc752774fa88e37a828f05af1d82025-08-20T02:16:50ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-10-011319314210.3390/foods13193142Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-CyclodextrinsMaría de los Ángeles Martínez-Sánchez0Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández1Antonio López-Gómez2Food Safety and Refrigeration Engineering Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfon4so XIII, 48, 30203 Cartagena, SpainFood Safety and Refrigeration Engineering Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfon4so XIII, 48, 30203 Cartagena, SpainFood Safety and Refrigeration Engineering Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfon4so XIII, 48, 30203 Cartagena, SpainFresh-cut salads are highly appreciated by consumers due to their healthy and convenient nature. Fresh-cut (FC) lettuce is one of the best-selling FC products due to its freshness and low preparation time for salads. However, FC lettuce is very perishable and, in addition, has been recently associated with severe foodborne illness alerts. Alternative natural sanitizing treatments to conventional sodium hypochlorite are needed. The antimicrobial activity of vinegar has been well-known since ancient times. In addition, bioactive compounds from plant byproducts are widely recognized for their antioxidant properties. This work aimed to evaluate the use of a novel and encapsulated vinegar powder enriched with bioactive compounds from fruit byproducts with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties to preserve the physicochemical (titratable acidity, total soluble solids, weight loss, and color), microbial (psychrophiles, enterobacteria, lactic-acid bacteria, molds, and yeasts), and sensory quality of FC lettuce at 4 °C for up to 10 days. Small to no differences were observed in terms of physicochemical quality (≈0.1% titratable acidity; 2.3–3.3% total soluble solids; <1% weight loss) in comparison to control samples through storage. Vinegar treatments reduced by 2–4 log CFU g<sup>−1</sup> the microbial loads after 10 days. In addition, a synergistic sensory antibrowning effect (greener and less yellowish appearance, showing −<i>a</i>* and −<i>b</i>*) between organic acids and the released polyphenols from the encapsulated plant byproduct extracts was observed. Hence, the enriched encapsulated vinegar represents an effective green alternative to conventional sanitizers to maintain the quality of FC lettuce through storage time.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/19/3142encapsulated vinegar powderpolyphenolsantioxidant activityantimicrobial activityfood safety
spellingShingle María de los Ángeles Martínez-Sánchez
Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández
Antonio López-Gómez
Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins
Foods
encapsulated vinegar powder
polyphenols
antioxidant activity
antimicrobial activity
food safety
title Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins
title_full Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins
title_fullStr Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins
title_full_unstemmed Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins
title_short Extending More than One Week the Shelf Life of Fresh-Cut Lettuce Using Vinegar Enriched in Bioactive Compounds Encapsulated in α-Cyclodextrins
title_sort extending more than one week the shelf life of fresh cut lettuce using vinegar enriched in bioactive compounds encapsulated in α cyclodextrins
topic encapsulated vinegar powder
polyphenols
antioxidant activity
antimicrobial activity
food safety
url https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/19/3142
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