Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data
BackgroundThe dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) reflects dietary patterns that support gut microbial health and may influence kidney stone (KS) risk. The role of DI-GM and its mediation by diabetes in KS pathogenesis remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between DI-GM and KS...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1532313/full |
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| author | Lei Wang Junjun Wu Ziwen Jiang Chao Wang Fuxiang Lin Yuxiang Zhong Pengpeng Zhao Wei Wei Jianhua Huang Zhanping Xu |
| author_facet | Lei Wang Junjun Wu Ziwen Jiang Chao Wang Fuxiang Lin Yuxiang Zhong Pengpeng Zhao Wei Wei Jianhua Huang Zhanping Xu |
| author_sort | Lei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) reflects dietary patterns that support gut microbial health and may influence kidney stone (KS) risk. The role of DI-GM and its mediation by diabetes in KS pathogenesis remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between DI-GM and KS prevalence, assess the mediation effect of diabetes, and explore subgroup-specific effects and underlying mechanisms.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of NHANES (2007–2018) data was conducted using a stratified, multistage probability sampling design. A total of 19,841 participants were included in the final analysis. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using Empower version 4.2 (X&Y Solutions, Inc., Boston, MA, United States) and R version 3.4.3 (R Foundation). Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the association between DI-GM and KS prevalence, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Mediation analysis evaluated diabetes’s contribution to this relationship, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex, race/ethnicity, and alcohol consumption.ResultsHigher DI-GM scores were associated with lower KS prevalence (adjusted OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92 per SD increase). Diabetes mediated 9.27% of this relationship. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger protective effects among females, non-Hispanic Black individuals, and heavy drinkers. Mechanistically, DI-GM may reduce KS risk through gut microbial modulation of oxalate metabolism, urinary citrate excretion, and systemic inflammation.Conclusion and recommendationsHigher DI-GM scores are associated with reduced KS prevalence, partially mediated by diabetes. These findings highlight the role of dietary interventions targeting gut microbiota in KS prevention and call for longitudinal studies to confirm these results and develop tailored dietary strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8ce17621e654469a8704ed9d0cc19971 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-8ce17621e654469a8704ed9d0cc199712025-02-11T15:14:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-02-011210.3389/fnut.2025.15323131532313Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional dataLei Wang0Junjun Wu1Ziwen Jiang2Chao Wang3Fuxiang Lin4Yuxiang Zhong5Pengpeng Zhao6Wei Wei7Jianhua Huang8Zhanping Xu9The Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaFoshan Maternal and Child Health Center, Foshan, ChinaSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaThe Eighth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, ChinaBackgroundThe dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) reflects dietary patterns that support gut microbial health and may influence kidney stone (KS) risk. The role of DI-GM and its mediation by diabetes in KS pathogenesis remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between DI-GM and KS prevalence, assess the mediation effect of diabetes, and explore subgroup-specific effects and underlying mechanisms.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of NHANES (2007–2018) data was conducted using a stratified, multistage probability sampling design. A total of 19,841 participants were included in the final analysis. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using Empower version 4.2 (X&Y Solutions, Inc., Boston, MA, United States) and R version 3.4.3 (R Foundation). Multivariable logistic regression was employed to assess the association between DI-GM and KS prevalence, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Mediation analysis evaluated diabetes’s contribution to this relationship, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex, race/ethnicity, and alcohol consumption.ResultsHigher DI-GM scores were associated with lower KS prevalence (adjusted OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92 per SD increase). Diabetes mediated 9.27% of this relationship. Subgroup analyses revealed stronger protective effects among females, non-Hispanic Black individuals, and heavy drinkers. Mechanistically, DI-GM may reduce KS risk through gut microbial modulation of oxalate metabolism, urinary citrate excretion, and systemic inflammation.Conclusion and recommendationsHigher DI-GM scores are associated with reduced KS prevalence, partially mediated by diabetes. These findings highlight the role of dietary interventions targeting gut microbiota in KS prevention and call for longitudinal studies to confirm these results and develop tailored dietary strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1532313/fullkidney stoneNHANESmicrobiotadiabetescross-sectional study |
| spellingShingle | Lei Wang Junjun Wu Ziwen Jiang Chao Wang Fuxiang Lin Yuxiang Zhong Pengpeng Zhao Wei Wei Jianhua Huang Zhanping Xu Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data Frontiers in Nutrition kidney stone NHANES microbiota diabetes cross-sectional study |
| title | Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data |
| title_full | Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data |
| title_fullStr | Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data |
| title_short | Dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones: evidence of diabetes as a mediator from NHANES cross-sectional data |
| title_sort | dietary index for gut microbiota and its protective role against kidney stones evidence of diabetes as a mediator from nhanes cross sectional data |
| topic | kidney stone NHANES microbiota diabetes cross-sectional study |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1532313/full |
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