Aux/IAAs: specificity and redundancy
Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acids(Aux/IAAs), a class of early auxin-responsive genes, encode short-lived nuclear proteins that play pivotal roles in auxin signaling. In vascular plants, Aux/IAA genes form large families-such as the 29 members in Arabidopsis, exhibiting both functional redundancy and speci...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Plant Signaling & Behavior |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2025.2530541 |
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| Summary: | Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acids(Aux/IAAs), a class of early auxin-responsive genes, encode short-lived nuclear proteins that play pivotal roles in auxin signaling. In vascular plants, Aux/IAA genes form large families-such as the 29 members in Arabidopsis, exhibiting both functional redundancy and specificity. Canonical Aux/IAA proteins contain four conserved domains and mediate nuclear auxin response by interacting with Transport Inhibitor Response 1/Auxin Signaling F‐box (TIR1/AFB) auxin receptors and Auxin Response Factor (ARF) transcription factors. Loss- and gain-of-function mutants have been instrumental in dissecting the roles of individual Aux/IAAs. Recent studies have also uncovered the mechanism of non-canonical Aux/IAAs, which lack one or more conserved domains and regulate auxin signaling through distinct pathways. This review summarizes the structural features of Aux/IAA proteins, the functional diversity of non-canonical members, the phenotypic effects of their mutants, and their expression patterns. These findings reveal a hierarchical regulatory network of the Aux/IAA gene family in auxin signaling – balancing robustness through functional redundancy and precision and flexibility through member-specific functions in plant growth and development. |
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| ISSN: | 1559-2316 1559-2324 |