A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi
Abstract We simultaneously collected 85 pairs of 24-h PM1.0 and PM2.5 samples from a new urban area in Hanoi, Vietnam, and analyzed their chemical compositions with particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and ion chromatography (IC) to obtain input data for source apportionment via positive matrix fa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210056 |
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| author | Pham Duy Hien Vuong Thu Bac Nguyen Thi Hong Thinh Ha Lan Anh Duong Duc Thang Nguyen The Nghia |
| author_facet | Pham Duy Hien Vuong Thu Bac Nguyen Thi Hong Thinh Ha Lan Anh Duong Duc Thang Nguyen The Nghia |
| author_sort | Pham Duy Hien |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We simultaneously collected 85 pairs of 24-h PM1.0 and PM2.5 samples from a new urban area in Hanoi, Vietnam, and analyzed their chemical compositions with particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and ion chromatography (IC) to obtain input data for source apportionment via positive matrix factorization (PMF). Sulfate, ammonium, and black carbon (BC) composed the majority of the mass in both size fractions, and the PMF models clearly differentiated the contribution of long-range transport (LRT) aerosols, which accounted for more than two-thirds of the measured PM-bound sulfate and ammonium concentrations, from those of the six in situ sources, viz., resuspended road dust, primary vehicular emissions, coal fly ash, biomass burning emissions, construction dust, and sea salt. Whereas LRT aerosols, coal fly ash, and primary particulate vehicular emissions mainly occurred in the PM1.0, resuspended road dust and biomass-burning fly ash tended to appear in the PM1.0–2.5; hence, we can characterize the anthropogenic emissions in this area by examining the profile of the PM1.0 rather than the PM2.5. Additionally, air masses with inland trajectories originating in northern China and countries northwest and southwest of Vietnam contained more ammonium, sulfate, and BC than those that passed over the East Sea. Finally, the LRT aerosols exhibited high acidity in the PM1.0 but neutrality in the PM2.5. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8cc3d33926814b61818e97d5dd07a6ce |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-8cc3d33926814b61818e97d5dd07a6ce2025-02-09T12:21:16ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092021-07-01211011610.4209/aaqr.210056A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in HanoiPham Duy Hien0Vuong Thu Bac1Nguyen Thi Hong Thinh2Ha Lan Anh3Duong Duc Thang4Nguyen The Nghia5Vietnam Atomic Energy InstituteInstitute for Nuclear Science & TechniqueInstitute for Nuclear Science & TechniqueInstitute for Nuclear Science & TechniqueInstitute for Nuclear Science & TechniqueHanoi University of Science (HUS)Abstract We simultaneously collected 85 pairs of 24-h PM1.0 and PM2.5 samples from a new urban area in Hanoi, Vietnam, and analyzed their chemical compositions with particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and ion chromatography (IC) to obtain input data for source apportionment via positive matrix factorization (PMF). Sulfate, ammonium, and black carbon (BC) composed the majority of the mass in both size fractions, and the PMF models clearly differentiated the contribution of long-range transport (LRT) aerosols, which accounted for more than two-thirds of the measured PM-bound sulfate and ammonium concentrations, from those of the six in situ sources, viz., resuspended road dust, primary vehicular emissions, coal fly ash, biomass burning emissions, construction dust, and sea salt. Whereas LRT aerosols, coal fly ash, and primary particulate vehicular emissions mainly occurred in the PM1.0, resuspended road dust and biomass-burning fly ash tended to appear in the PM1.0–2.5; hence, we can characterize the anthropogenic emissions in this area by examining the profile of the PM1.0 rather than the PM2.5. Additionally, air masses with inland trajectories originating in northern China and countries northwest and southwest of Vietnam contained more ammonium, sulfate, and BC than those that passed over the East Sea. Finally, the LRT aerosols exhibited high acidity in the PM1.0 but neutrality in the PM2.5.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210056Submicron particlesLRTNitrate formation rateParticle size partitioningBack trajectoryHanoi |
| spellingShingle | Pham Duy Hien Vuong Thu Bac Nguyen Thi Hong Thinh Ha Lan Anh Duong Duc Thang Nguyen The Nghia A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi Aerosol and Air Quality Research Submicron particles LRT Nitrate formation rate Particle size partitioning Back trajectory Hanoi |
| title | A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi |
| title_full | A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi |
| title_fullStr | A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi |
| title_short | A Comparison Study of Chemical Compositions and Sources of PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Hanoi |
| title_sort | comparison study of chemical compositions and sources of pm1 0 and pm2 5 in hanoi |
| topic | Submicron particles LRT Nitrate formation rate Particle size partitioning Back trajectory Hanoi |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.210056 |
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