Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates

In this research, the effect of change in stacking sequences on the impact performance of bio-hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (bio-HFRP) composite materials was analyzed and evaluated. The methodology was developed, based on the mechanical testing and utilization of tree-based machine learning regre...

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Main Authors: Manzar Masud, Aamir Mubashar, Shahid Iqbal, Hassan Ejaz, Saad Abdul Raheem
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-09-01
Series:Engineering Proceedings
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/75/1/23
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author Manzar Masud
Aamir Mubashar
Shahid Iqbal
Hassan Ejaz
Saad Abdul Raheem
author_facet Manzar Masud
Aamir Mubashar
Shahid Iqbal
Hassan Ejaz
Saad Abdul Raheem
author_sort Manzar Masud
collection DOAJ
description In this research, the effect of change in stacking sequences on the impact performance of bio-hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (bio-HFRP) composite materials was analyzed and evaluated. The methodology was developed, based on the mechanical testing and utilization of tree-based machine learning regression models. Low-velocity impact (LVI) testing was performed on five distinct stacking sequences of carbon/flax bio-HFRP at energies ranging from 15 J to 90 J. For all tests, peak impact force was recorded and compared. Symmetric configurations with a uniform distribution of flax layers across the composite laminate exhibited better impact performance. Additionally, two tree-based machine learning (ML) algorithms were used: random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT). The performance metrics used to assess and compare the efficiency were the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>), mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The most accurate model for the prediction of peak impact force was DT with the R<sup>2</sup> training and test dataset values of 0.9920 and 0.9045, respectively. Furthermore, lower MSE and MAE values were attained using the DT model as compared to the RF model. The developed methodology and the model serve as powerful tools to predict the damage-induced properties of bio-HFRP composite laminates utilizing minimal resources and saving time as well.
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spelling doaj-art-8cbb2ff12e9840318185d1aac6330d1f2025-08-20T02:42:38ZengMDPI AGEngineering Proceedings2673-45912024-09-017512310.3390/engproc2024075023Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite LaminatesManzar Masud0Aamir Mubashar1Shahid Iqbal2Hassan Ejaz3Saad Abdul Raheem4Computational Mechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, PakistanComputational Mechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, PakistanMechanical Engineering Department, Wah Engineering College, University of Wah, Wah Cantt 47040, PakistanComputational Mechanics Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad 44000, PakistanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), Islamabad 44000, PakistanIn this research, the effect of change in stacking sequences on the impact performance of bio-hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer (bio-HFRP) composite materials was analyzed and evaluated. The methodology was developed, based on the mechanical testing and utilization of tree-based machine learning regression models. Low-velocity impact (LVI) testing was performed on five distinct stacking sequences of carbon/flax bio-HFRP at energies ranging from 15 J to 90 J. For all tests, peak impact force was recorded and compared. Symmetric configurations with a uniform distribution of flax layers across the composite laminate exhibited better impact performance. Additionally, two tree-based machine learning (ML) algorithms were used: random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT). The performance metrics used to assess and compare the efficiency were the coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>), mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The most accurate model for the prediction of peak impact force was DT with the R<sup>2</sup> training and test dataset values of 0.9920 and 0.9045, respectively. Furthermore, lower MSE and MAE values were attained using the DT model as compared to the RF model. The developed methodology and the model serve as powerful tools to predict the damage-induced properties of bio-HFRP composite laminates utilizing minimal resources and saving time as well.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/75/1/23bio-hybrid compositesimpact behaviormachine learningdecision treerandom forest
spellingShingle Manzar Masud
Aamir Mubashar
Shahid Iqbal
Hassan Ejaz
Saad Abdul Raheem
Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates
Engineering Proceedings
bio-hybrid composites
impact behavior
machine learning
decision tree
random forest
title Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates
title_full Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates
title_fullStr Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates
title_full_unstemmed Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates
title_short Tree-Based Machine Learning Approach for Predicting the Impact Behavior of Carbon/Flax Bio-Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite Laminates
title_sort tree based machine learning approach for predicting the impact behavior of carbon flax bio hybrid fiber reinforced polymer composite laminates
topic bio-hybrid composites
impact behavior
machine learning
decision tree
random forest
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/75/1/23
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