Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates

In response to the escalating concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance and associated side effects, interest in plant extracts and bioactive compounds derived from medicinal herbs has been resurgent. This study investigates the Phytochemical Screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) A...

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Main Authors: Umaru Abdulmalik, Zuwaira Halliru, Anas Umar, Mujahid Musa, Abubakar Adam Sunusi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria 2024-05-01
Series:UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research
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Online Access:https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/451
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author Umaru Abdulmalik
Zuwaira Halliru
Anas Umar
Mujahid Musa
Abubakar Adam Sunusi
author_facet Umaru Abdulmalik
Zuwaira Halliru
Anas Umar
Mujahid Musa
Abubakar Adam Sunusi
author_sort Umaru Abdulmalik
collection DOAJ
description In response to the escalating concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance and associated side effects, interest in plant extracts and bioactive compounds derived from medicinal herbs has been resurgent. This study investigates the Phytochemical Screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) Analysis, and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts against clinical isolates. Utilizing aqueous and ethanolic extractions, the study determined the yield percentages as 16.25% and 7.14%, respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins in both extracts, with the absence of phenol. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method, showing inhibitory effects against the tested isolates. The ethanolic extract exhibited superior antibacterial activity, with a maximum zone of inhibition (17mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 800mg/ml. The aqueous extract demonstrated a maximum zone of inhibition (12mm) against the same bacterium at the same concentration. Comparative analysis with standard antibiotics revealed competitive inhibitory effects, especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, GCMS analysis identified sixteen phytochemical compounds in the ethanolic extract and eleven in the aqueous extract. The findings underscore the significant antibacterial potential of Moringa oleifera extracts, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The GC-MS results provide crucial insights into the bioactive chemical profile, supporting the potential therapeutic applications of Moringa oleifera in combating various infections. This study contributes valuable knowledge to exploring alternative treatments amid growing antibiotic resistance concerns.
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publishDate 2024-05-01
publisher Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
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spelling doaj-art-8c83059ba04344abbcb4bcd15c7d491b2025-08-20T02:28:28ZengUmaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina, NigeriaUMYU Journal of Microbiology Research2616-06682814-18222024-05-0191344510.47430/ujmr.2491.004451Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical IsolatesUmaru Abdulmalik0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5153-7201Zuwaira Halliru1Anas Umar2Mujahid Musa3Abubakar Adam Sunusi4Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, katsina State, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, katsina State, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, katsina State, NigeriaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, katsina State, NigeriaIn response to the escalating concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance and associated side effects, interest in plant extracts and bioactive compounds derived from medicinal herbs has been resurgent. This study investigates the Phytochemical Screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) Analysis, and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts against clinical isolates. Utilizing aqueous and ethanolic extractions, the study determined the yield percentages as 16.25% and 7.14%, respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins in both extracts, with the absence of phenol. The antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method, showing inhibitory effects against the tested isolates. The ethanolic extract exhibited superior antibacterial activity, with a maximum zone of inhibition (17mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 800mg/ml. The aqueous extract demonstrated a maximum zone of inhibition (12mm) against the same bacterium at the same concentration. Comparative analysis with standard antibiotics revealed competitive inhibitory effects, especially against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, GCMS analysis identified sixteen phytochemical compounds in the ethanolic extract and eleven in the aqueous extract. The findings underscore the significant antibacterial potential of Moringa oleifera extracts, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The GC-MS results provide crucial insights into the bioactive chemical profile, supporting the potential therapeutic applications of Moringa oleifera in combating various infections. This study contributes valuable knowledge to exploring alternative treatments amid growing antibiotic resistance concerns.https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/451phytochemical screeningmoringa oleiferaantibacterial activityethanolic extract antibiotic resistance
spellingShingle Umaru Abdulmalik
Zuwaira Halliru
Anas Umar
Mujahid Musa
Abubakar Adam Sunusi
Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates
UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research
phytochemical screening
moringa oleifera
antibacterial activity
ethanolic extract
antibiotic resistance
title Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates
title_full Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates
title_fullStr Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates
title_short Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Moringa oleifera Ethanolic and aqueous Leaf Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates
title_sort phytochemical screening gcms analysis and antibacterial activity of moringa oleifera ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts against some clinical isolates
topic phytochemical screening
moringa oleifera
antibacterial activity
ethanolic extract
antibiotic resistance
url https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/ujmr/article/view/451
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