Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis

BackgroundThe COMPASSION-15 trial confirmed the safety and effectiveness of cadonilimab, a bispecific antibody targeting both programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), in treating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative advanced gastric or gastroesopha...

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Main Authors: Zuojuan Xiang, Wei Li, Qiao Xia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1646818/full
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author Zuojuan Xiang
Wei Li
Qiao Xia
author_facet Zuojuan Xiang
Wei Li
Qiao Xia
author_sort Zuojuan Xiang
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundThe COMPASSION-15 trial confirmed the safety and effectiveness of cadonilimab, a bispecific antibody targeting both programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), in treating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEJA). Notably, it demonstrated significant survival benefits even in the low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression subgroup, overcoming the limitations of current immunotherapy. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate its cost-effectiveness.MethodsThe cost-effectiveness of cadonilimab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone was evaluated using a partitioned survival model with a 10-year time horizon, based on data from the COMPASSION-15 trial. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated to ascertain the cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, subgroup analysis stratified by PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) thresholds, as well as sensitivity and scenario analyses, were performed.ResultsThe estimated ICER value was $35,613.34/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) for the entire cohort, $21,142.58/QALY for the high PD-L1 expression subgroup (CPS ≥5), and $45,000.62/QALY for the low PD-L1 expression subgroup (CPS <5). Only the high PD-L1 expression subgroup achieved the cost-effectiveness, as its ICER value was below the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $24,600/QALY. Sensitivity and scenario analyses demonstrated the robustness of the result.ConclusionIn China, incorporating cadonilimab with chemotherapy was found to be more cost-effective as a first-line treatment for HER2-negative advanced G/GEJA in the PD-L1 CPS ≥5 subgroup. Nevertheless, it was not cost-effective for either the entire cohort or the PD-L1 CPS <5 subgroup. These findings can provide valuable insights for future pricing strategies and healthcare decision-making.
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spelling doaj-art-8c76e1cd0fd94ec289fd8cc877f0ff012025-08-20T02:46:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-07-011610.3389/fphar.2025.16468181646818Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysisZuojuan XiangWei LiQiao XiaBackgroundThe COMPASSION-15 trial confirmed the safety and effectiveness of cadonilimab, a bispecific antibody targeting both programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), in treating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEJA). Notably, it demonstrated significant survival benefits even in the low programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression subgroup, overcoming the limitations of current immunotherapy. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate its cost-effectiveness.MethodsThe cost-effectiveness of cadonilimab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone was evaluated using a partitioned survival model with a 10-year time horizon, based on data from the COMPASSION-15 trial. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated to ascertain the cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, subgroup analysis stratified by PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) thresholds, as well as sensitivity and scenario analyses, were performed.ResultsThe estimated ICER value was $35,613.34/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) for the entire cohort, $21,142.58/QALY for the high PD-L1 expression subgroup (CPS ≥5), and $45,000.62/QALY for the low PD-L1 expression subgroup (CPS <5). Only the high PD-L1 expression subgroup achieved the cost-effectiveness, as its ICER value was below the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $24,600/QALY. Sensitivity and scenario analyses demonstrated the robustness of the result.ConclusionIn China, incorporating cadonilimab with chemotherapy was found to be more cost-effective as a first-line treatment for HER2-negative advanced G/GEJA in the PD-L1 CPS ≥5 subgroup. Nevertheless, it was not cost-effective for either the entire cohort or the PD-L1 CPS <5 subgroup. These findings can provide valuable insights for future pricing strategies and healthcare decision-making.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1646818/fullcadonilimabpartitioned survival modelcost-effectivenessPD-L1 expressiongastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
spellingShingle Zuojuan Xiang
Wei Li
Qiao Xia
Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Frontiers in Pharmacology
cadonilimab
partitioned survival model
cost-effectiveness
PD-L1 expression
gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
title Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
title_full Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
title_fullStr Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
title_full_unstemmed Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
title_short Cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for HER2-negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a cost-effectiveness analysis
title_sort cadonilimab in combination with chemotherapy for her2 negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma a cost effectiveness analysis
topic cadonilimab
partitioned survival model
cost-effectiveness
PD-L1 expression
gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1646818/full
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AT qiaoxia cadonilimabincombinationwithchemotherapyforher2negativeadvancedgastricorgastroesophagealjunctionadenocarcinomaacosteffectivenessanalysis