Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021

Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes was carried out on two seismic events of March 4, 2021, (M7.3 Gisborne and M8.1 Kermadec Earthquakes) to ascertain a possible link between observed perturbations and event size. GPS-TEC data were downloaded 20 days pre...

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Main Authors: Jewel E. Thomas, Ekong U. Nathaniel, Nyakno J. George, Aniekan M. Ekanem, Samuel S. Akpan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Results in Earth Sciences
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211714823000110
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author Jewel E. Thomas
Ekong U. Nathaniel
Nyakno J. George
Aniekan M. Ekanem
Samuel S. Akpan
author_facet Jewel E. Thomas
Ekong U. Nathaniel
Nyakno J. George
Aniekan M. Ekanem
Samuel S. Akpan
author_sort Jewel E. Thomas
collection DOAJ
description Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes was carried out on two seismic events of March 4, 2021, (M7.3 Gisborne and M8.1 Kermadec Earthquakes) to ascertain a possible link between observed perturbations and event size. GPS-TEC data were downloaded 20 days pre and 5 days post the events from stations within the epicenter of respective earthquakes. The data were statistically analyzed to detect unusual variations within the investigative window. The investigation revealed that the M7.3 Gisborne EQ shown two variations on –19 and –4 days; both being positive perturbations. However, five anomalies were detected for the M8.1 Kermadec EQ on –15, –11, –5, –3 and –2 days. With exception of the irregularities on –3 days, all others were positive anomalies. The observed anomalies were subjected to further scrutiny using the geomagnetic indices of Kernnifzer digit (kp) and disturbance storm time (Dst.) for geomagnetically induced perturbations while sunspot number and F 10.7 cm were used to monitor solar activities within this same period. The study suggested an increased in detected anomalies with earthquake magnitudes.
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issn 2211-7148
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spelling doaj-art-8c42573ddda04d238b8071f91ceb4b862025-08-20T02:34:34ZengElsevierResults in Earth Sciences2211-71482024-12-01210001110.1016/j.rines.2023.100011Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021Jewel E. Thomas0Ekong U. Nathaniel1Nyakno J. George2Aniekan M. Ekanem3Samuel S. Akpan4Correspondence to: Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.; Geophysics Research Group, Department of Physics, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, NigeriaGeophysics Research Group, Department of Physics, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, NigeriaGeophysics Research Group, Department of Physics, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, NigeriaGeophysics Research Group, Department of Physics, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, NigeriaGeophysics Research Group, Department of Physics, Akwa Ibom State University, Mkpat Enin, Akwa Ibom State, NigeriaStatistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes was carried out on two seismic events of March 4, 2021, (M7.3 Gisborne and M8.1 Kermadec Earthquakes) to ascertain a possible link between observed perturbations and event size. GPS-TEC data were downloaded 20 days pre and 5 days post the events from stations within the epicenter of respective earthquakes. The data were statistically analyzed to detect unusual variations within the investigative window. The investigation revealed that the M7.3 Gisborne EQ shown two variations on –19 and –4 days; both being positive perturbations. However, five anomalies were detected for the M8.1 Kermadec EQ on –15, –11, –5, –3 and –2 days. With exception of the irregularities on –3 days, all others were positive anomalies. The observed anomalies were subjected to further scrutiny using the geomagnetic indices of Kernnifzer digit (kp) and disturbance storm time (Dst.) for geomagnetically induced perturbations while sunspot number and F 10.7 cm were used to monitor solar activities within this same period. The study suggested an increased in detected anomalies with earthquake magnitudes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211714823000110ComparativeEarthquakesMagnitudesIonosphericAnomaliesTEC
spellingShingle Jewel E. Thomas
Ekong U. Nathaniel
Nyakno J. George
Aniekan M. Ekanem
Samuel S. Akpan
Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021
Results in Earth Sciences
Comparative
Earthquakes
Magnitudes
Ionospheric
Anomalies
TEC
title Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021
title_full Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021
title_fullStr Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021
title_full_unstemmed Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021
title_short Statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes: A case study of the New Zealand earthquakes of March 4, 2021
title_sort statistical analysis of detected ionospheric anomalies with earthquake magnitudes a case study of the new zealand earthquakes of march 4 2021
topic Comparative
Earthquakes
Magnitudes
Ionospheric
Anomalies
TEC
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211714823000110
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