Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing
Martensitic microstructure, due to its numerous nucleation sites for austenite and its fibrous distribution, is considered as the initial microstructure in the dual-phase steel fabrication process, specifically during intermediate quenching. In the present study, the microstructural evolution of a c...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | fas |
| Published: |
Isfahan University of Technology
2024-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jame.iut.ac.ir/article_3508_2daa09d5ed9fa9941d518ac23c4cc0e8.pdf |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850177049792086016 |
|---|---|
| author | M. Jaberi M. Rezayat S. Hossein-Nedjad |
| author_facet | M. Jaberi M. Rezayat S. Hossein-Nedjad |
| author_sort | M. Jaberi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Martensitic microstructure, due to its numerous nucleation sites for austenite and its fibrous distribution, is considered as the initial microstructure in the dual-phase steel fabrication process, specifically during intermediate quenching. In the present study, the microstructural evolution of a carbon-manganese steel during intermediate quenching at three temperature ranges (upper-critical (Ac₃<T), inter-critical (Ac₁<T<Ac₃) and sub-critical (T<Ac₁)) was studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Hardness measurements indicated that the sub-critical annealing process, which is the high-temperature tempering process, consists of two stages with different softening rates. The first stage is associated with the removal of carbon from the lattice structure to form carbides, and the second stage is accompanied by the coarsening of carbides. Annealing martensitic microstructure at intercritical temperatures also occurs in three stages: The first stage is the tempering of martensite, the second stage is the nucleation and growth of austenite in tempered martensite with the dissolution of carbides, and the third stage is the coarsening of the two-phase microstructure, which is associated with a reduction in hardness. An increase in temperature to upper-critical temperatures also causes the appearance of these three stages, but due to the accelerated diffusion at high temperatures, these stages are shortened and merged together. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8bfc186a99e34bf0a3cd6e6e5ca6cd11 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2251-600X 2423-5733 |
| language | fas |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Isfahan University of Technology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-8bfc186a99e34bf0a3cd6e6e5ca6cd112025-08-20T02:19:06ZfasIsfahan University of TechnologyJournal of Advanced Materials in Engineering2251-600X2423-57332024-09-0143311610.47176/jame.43.3.10593508Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical AnnealingM. Jaberi0M. Rezayat1S. Hossein-Nedjad2Faculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 51335-1996, IranDepartment of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, IranFaculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 51335-1996, IranMartensitic microstructure, due to its numerous nucleation sites for austenite and its fibrous distribution, is considered as the initial microstructure in the dual-phase steel fabrication process, specifically during intermediate quenching. In the present study, the microstructural evolution of a carbon-manganese steel during intermediate quenching at three temperature ranges (upper-critical (Ac₃<T), inter-critical (Ac₁<T<Ac₃) and sub-critical (T<Ac₁)) was studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Hardness measurements indicated that the sub-critical annealing process, which is the high-temperature tempering process, consists of two stages with different softening rates. The first stage is associated with the removal of carbon from the lattice structure to form carbides, and the second stage is accompanied by the coarsening of carbides. Annealing martensitic microstructure at intercritical temperatures also occurs in three stages: The first stage is the tempering of martensite, the second stage is the nucleation and growth of austenite in tempered martensite with the dissolution of carbides, and the third stage is the coarsening of the two-phase microstructure, which is associated with a reduction in hardness. An increase in temperature to upper-critical temperatures also causes the appearance of these three stages, but due to the accelerated diffusion at high temperatures, these stages are shortened and merged together.https://jame.iut.ac.ir/article_3508_2daa09d5ed9fa9941d518ac23c4cc0e8.pdfdual-phase steelintermediate quenchingsecondary hardeningmicrostructural evolutionhardness |
| spellingShingle | M. Jaberi M. Rezayat S. Hossein-Nedjad Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering dual-phase steel intermediate quenching secondary hardening microstructural evolution hardness |
| title | Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing |
| title_full | Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing |
| title_fullStr | Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing |
| title_short | Microstructural Evolution of C-Mn Dual Phase Steel During Intermediate Quenching: A Comparative Study of Subcritical, Intercritical, and Suppercritical Annealing |
| title_sort | microstructural evolution of c mn dual phase steel during intermediate quenching a comparative study of subcritical intercritical and suppercritical annealing |
| topic | dual-phase steel intermediate quenching secondary hardening microstructural evolution hardness |
| url | https://jame.iut.ac.ir/article_3508_2daa09d5ed9fa9941d518ac23c4cc0e8.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mjaberi microstructuralevolutionofcmndualphasesteelduringintermediatequenchingacomparativestudyofsubcriticalintercriticalandsuppercriticalannealing AT mrezayat microstructuralevolutionofcmndualphasesteelduringintermediatequenchingacomparativestudyofsubcriticalintercriticalandsuppercriticalannealing AT shosseinnedjad microstructuralevolutionofcmndualphasesteelduringintermediatequenchingacomparativestudyofsubcriticalintercriticalandsuppercriticalannealing |