Modeling commercial-scale CO<sub>2</sub> storage in the gas hydrate stability zone with PFLOTRAN v6.0
<p>Safe and secure carbon dioxide (<span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span>) storage is likely to be critical for mitigating some of the most dangerous effects of climate change. In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in activity a...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/1413/2025/gmd-18-1413-2025.pdf |
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| Summary: | <p>Safe and secure carbon dioxide (<span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span>) storage is likely to be critical for mitigating some of the most dangerous effects of climate change. In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in activity associated with reservoir characterization and site selection for large-scale <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> storage projects across the globe. These prospective storage sites tend to be selected for their optimal structural, petrophysical, and geochemical trapping potential. However, it has also been suggested that storing <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> in reservoirs within the <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), characterized by high pressures and low temperatures (e.g., Arctic or marine environments), could provide a natural thermodynamic barrier to gas leakage. Evaluating the prospect of commercial-scale, long-term storage of <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> in the GHSZ requires reservoir-scale modeling capabilities designed to account for the unique physics and thermodynamics associated with these systems. We have developed the HYDRATE flow mode and the accompanying fully implicit parallel well model in the massively parallel subsurface flow and reactive transport simulator PFLOTRAN to model <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> injection into the marine GHSZ. We have applied these capabilities to a set of <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> injection scenarios designed to reveal the challenges and opportunities for commercial-scale <span class="inline-formula">CO<sub>2</sub></span> storage in the GHSZ.</p> |
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| ISSN: | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |