Effective strings in QED3
Abstract Effective string theory describes the physics of long confining strings in theories, like Yang-Mills theory, where the mass gap M gap 2 $$ {M}_{\textrm{gap}}^2 $$ is of the same order as the string tension T. In 2 + 1 dimensions, there is a class of confining theories, including massive QED...
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SpringerOpen
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)143 |
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| author | Ofer Aharony Netanel Barel Tal Sheaffer |
| author_facet | Ofer Aharony Netanel Barel Tal Sheaffer |
| author_sort | Ofer Aharony |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Effective string theory describes the physics of long confining strings in theories, like Yang-Mills theory, where the mass gap M gap 2 $$ {M}_{\textrm{gap}}^2 $$ is of the same order as the string tension T. In 2 + 1 dimensions, there is a class of confining theories, including massive QED3 as first analyzed by Polyakov, for which M gap 2 $$ {M}_{\textrm{gap}}^2 $$ ≪ T. These theories are weakly coupled at low energies of order M gap, and may be analyzed perturbatively. In this paper, we analyze the physics of strings in such theories, focusing on QED3, at energies of order M gap (but still well below T $$ \sqrt{T} $$ ). We argue that the width of the string in these theories should be of order 1/M gap independently of its length, as long as the string is not exponentially long. We also compute at leading order in perturbation theory the ground state energy of a confining string on a circle, and the scattering of Nambu-Goldstone bosons on the string worldsheet. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8bd5ec8bf78d4ab7ad2c476f1ed67b59 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj-art-8bd5ec8bf78d4ab7ad2c476f1ed67b592025-08-20T02:11:55ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-03-012025317110.1007/JHEP03(2025)143Effective strings in QED3Ofer Aharony0Netanel Barel1Tal Sheaffer2Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceDepartment of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceDepartment of Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceAbstract Effective string theory describes the physics of long confining strings in theories, like Yang-Mills theory, where the mass gap M gap 2 $$ {M}_{\textrm{gap}}^2 $$ is of the same order as the string tension T. In 2 + 1 dimensions, there is a class of confining theories, including massive QED3 as first analyzed by Polyakov, for which M gap 2 $$ {M}_{\textrm{gap}}^2 $$ ≪ T. These theories are weakly coupled at low energies of order M gap, and may be analyzed perturbatively. In this paper, we analyze the physics of strings in such theories, focusing on QED3, at energies of order M gap (but still well below T $$ \sqrt{T} $$ ). We argue that the width of the string in these theories should be of order 1/M gap independently of its length, as long as the string is not exponentially long. We also compute at leading order in perturbation theory the ground state energy of a confining string on a circle, and the scattering of Nambu-Goldstone bosons on the string worldsheet.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)143ConfinementEffective Field TheoriesRenormalization and Regularization |
| spellingShingle | Ofer Aharony Netanel Barel Tal Sheaffer Effective strings in QED3 Journal of High Energy Physics Confinement Effective Field Theories Renormalization and Regularization |
| title | Effective strings in QED3 |
| title_full | Effective strings in QED3 |
| title_fullStr | Effective strings in QED3 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effective strings in QED3 |
| title_short | Effective strings in QED3 |
| title_sort | effective strings in qed3 |
| topic | Confinement Effective Field Theories Renormalization and Regularization |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2025)143 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT oferaharony effectivestringsinqed3 AT netanelbarel effectivestringsinqed3 AT talsheaffer effectivestringsinqed3 |