Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany

BackgroundReal-world evidence on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients with essential tremor (ET) is limited. We used data from two large representative German claims databases to address this evidence gap.MethodsData were obtained from two German statutory h...

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Main Authors: Jos S. Becktepe, Keltie McDonald, Sabrina Müller, Thomas Wilke, Evi Zhuleku, Karen Appiah, Natasha Dzimitrowicz, Jade Marshall, Javier Sabater, Luigi M. Barbato, Tabish A. Saifee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Neurology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1580919/full
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author Jos S. Becktepe
Keltie McDonald
Sabrina Müller
Thomas Wilke
Evi Zhuleku
Karen Appiah
Natasha Dzimitrowicz
Jade Marshall
Javier Sabater
Luigi M. Barbato
Tabish A. Saifee
author_facet Jos S. Becktepe
Keltie McDonald
Sabrina Müller
Thomas Wilke
Evi Zhuleku
Karen Appiah
Natasha Dzimitrowicz
Jade Marshall
Javier Sabater
Luigi M. Barbato
Tabish A. Saifee
author_sort Jos S. Becktepe
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundReal-world evidence on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients with essential tremor (ET) is limited. We used data from two large representative German claims databases to address this evidence gap.MethodsData were obtained from two German statutory health insurance databases, AOK PLUS and GWQ ServicePlus, from January 1, 2010 to March 31, 2022. Point prevalence and cumulative incidence of ET, standardized by age and sex to the German national population, were assessed. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns were described within a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with ET in each database. Time to treatment initiation from diagnosis, and discontinuation and switch from the first-line therapeutic approach were evaluated using Kaplan Meier methods.ResultsAge and sex-standardized prevalence of ET increased between 2010 and 2021, reaching 196 (AOK) and 250 (GWQ) per 100,000 persons in 2021. Among patients newly diagnosed with ET, the most frequent comorbidities at baseline were pain disorders (65–70%), hypertension (44–65%), and hyperlipidaemia (30–35%). Approximately 60% of patients received pharmacological therapy during follow-up (mean 56–62 months), particularly propranolol (44–50%), bisoprolol (24–27%) and metoprolol (23–27%). The median time from diagnosis to treatment initiation was 2.1–6.3 months. Most patients discontinued (72–75%) their first therapy within 12 months, with 41–46% switching to another therapy.ConclusionET is a common movement disorder, the management of which is multi-faceted. Further evidence is needed to better understand and prioritize unmet needs and improve outcomes for patients with ET.
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spelling doaj-art-8bc9348fcdcb40889685f0127e0e57752025-08-20T03:14:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952025-07-011610.3389/fneur.2025.15809191580919Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in GermanyJos S. Becktepe0Keltie McDonald1Sabrina Müller2Thomas Wilke3Evi Zhuleku4Karen Appiah5Natasha Dzimitrowicz6Jade Marshall7Javier Sabater8Luigi M. Barbato9Tabish A. Saifee10Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, GermanyCytel, London, United KingdomIPAM e.V. (Institute for Pharmacoeconomics and Drug Logistic), Wismar, GermanyIPAM e.V. (Institute for Pharmacoeconomics and Drug Logistic), Wismar, GermanyCytel, Berlin, GermanyCytel, London, United KingdomJazz Pharmaceuticals, London, United KingdomJazz Pharmaceuticals, London, United KingdomJazz Pharmaceuticals, London, United KingdomJazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, United StatesNational Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United KingdomBackgroundReal-world evidence on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients with essential tremor (ET) is limited. We used data from two large representative German claims databases to address this evidence gap.MethodsData were obtained from two German statutory health insurance databases, AOK PLUS and GWQ ServicePlus, from January 1, 2010 to March 31, 2022. Point prevalence and cumulative incidence of ET, standardized by age and sex to the German national population, were assessed. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, and treatment patterns were described within a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with ET in each database. Time to treatment initiation from diagnosis, and discontinuation and switch from the first-line therapeutic approach were evaluated using Kaplan Meier methods.ResultsAge and sex-standardized prevalence of ET increased between 2010 and 2021, reaching 196 (AOK) and 250 (GWQ) per 100,000 persons in 2021. Among patients newly diagnosed with ET, the most frequent comorbidities at baseline were pain disorders (65–70%), hypertension (44–65%), and hyperlipidaemia (30–35%). Approximately 60% of patients received pharmacological therapy during follow-up (mean 56–62 months), particularly propranolol (44–50%), bisoprolol (24–27%) and metoprolol (23–27%). The median time from diagnosis to treatment initiation was 2.1–6.3 months. Most patients discontinued (72–75%) their first therapy within 12 months, with 41–46% switching to another therapy.ConclusionET is a common movement disorder, the management of which is multi-faceted. Further evidence is needed to better understand and prioritize unmet needs and improve outcomes for patients with ET.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1580919/fullessential tremorepidemiologyreal-world evidencereal-world treatmentadministrative claims data
spellingShingle Jos S. Becktepe
Keltie McDonald
Sabrina Müller
Thomas Wilke
Evi Zhuleku
Karen Appiah
Natasha Dzimitrowicz
Jade Marshall
Javier Sabater
Luigi M. Barbato
Tabish A. Saifee
Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany
Frontiers in Neurology
essential tremor
epidemiology
real-world evidence
real-world treatment
administrative claims data
title Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany
title_full Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany
title_fullStr Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany
title_short Epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor: a retrospective cohort analysis in Germany
title_sort epidemiology and treatment patterns of essential tremor a retrospective cohort analysis in germany
topic essential tremor
epidemiology
real-world evidence
real-world treatment
administrative claims data
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2025.1580919/full
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