Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a complex socially significant disease associated with risks mainly for representatives of groups practicing deviant behavior and requiring special attention from the state and society. The article presents a comprehensive description of representatives of t...

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Main Authors: I. B. Nazarova, R. S. Nesterov
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 2024-10-01
Series:RUDN journal of Sociology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/viewFile/41174/23949
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author I. B. Nazarova
R. S. Nesterov
author_facet I. B. Nazarova
R. S. Nesterov
author_sort I. B. Nazarova
collection DOAJ
description The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a complex socially significant disease associated with risks mainly for representatives of groups practicing deviant behavior and requiring special attention from the state and society. The article presents a comprehensive description of representatives of the high-risk group for the HIV infection, including their health status, behavioral characteristics, types, combinations and perceptions of risks, which would allow for a more optimal organization of the work of social and medical services with this group. The article is based on the results of the empirical study conducted in 2022: 3,792 clients of the charitable foundation “Support for Social Initiatives and Public Health” were questioned within the HIV preventive work with representatives of high-risk groups. A significant part of clients are people under 22 years of age (25 %). Their main risks were divided into condition risks and behavioral risks. Condition risks are as follows: current and past illness (29 % were diagnosed with an infection or several ones, including the HIV), unemployment (21 %), difficult financial situation (9 %); and for foreign citizens also lack of citizenship (24 %) and not speaking Russian (5 %). Behavioral risks (actions leading to loss of health or inaction in health protection) are as follows: 15 % of clients use drugs (including with shared equipment for injecting), the majority (76 %) consciously agree to unprotected sex and have multiple sexual partners (the average number is 21 per year). In general, representatives of high-risk groups tend to underestimate their risks, and awareness is not a decisive positive factor, i.e., it does not necessarily change behavior to less risky. Moreover, long-term risk practices together with knowledge of risks and protective measures can negatively affect perceptions of risks; thus, clients with experience of risk behavior consider risks as less dangerous or deny risks in principle, which is an additional risk for both the person and one’s partners.
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spelling doaj-art-8b90c1675f634ae68db03fd1efbf08e22025-08-20T02:09:26ZengPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)RUDN journal of Sociology2313-22722408-88972024-10-0124364565910.22363/2313-2272-2024-24-3-645-65921203Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessmentI. B. Nazarova0R. S. Nesterov1RUDN UniversityRUDN UniversityThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a complex socially significant disease associated with risks mainly for representatives of groups practicing deviant behavior and requiring special attention from the state and society. The article presents a comprehensive description of representatives of the high-risk group for the HIV infection, including their health status, behavioral characteristics, types, combinations and perceptions of risks, which would allow for a more optimal organization of the work of social and medical services with this group. The article is based on the results of the empirical study conducted in 2022: 3,792 clients of the charitable foundation “Support for Social Initiatives and Public Health” were questioned within the HIV preventive work with representatives of high-risk groups. A significant part of clients are people under 22 years of age (25 %). Their main risks were divided into condition risks and behavioral risks. Condition risks are as follows: current and past illness (29 % were diagnosed with an infection or several ones, including the HIV), unemployment (21 %), difficult financial situation (9 %); and for foreign citizens also lack of citizenship (24 %) and not speaking Russian (5 %). Behavioral risks (actions leading to loss of health or inaction in health protection) are as follows: 15 % of clients use drugs (including with shared equipment for injecting), the majority (76 %) consciously agree to unprotected sex and have multiple sexual partners (the average number is 21 per year). In general, representatives of high-risk groups tend to underestimate their risks, and awareness is not a decisive positive factor, i.e., it does not necessarily change behavior to less risky. Moreover, long-term risk practices together with knowledge of risks and protective measures can negatively affect perceptions of risks; thus, clients with experience of risk behavior consider risks as less dangerous or deny risks in principle, which is an additional risk for both the person and one’s partners.https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/viewFile/41174/23949riskrisk behaviorawarenesshealthhivnon-profit organization (npo)risk groupssociological survey
spellingShingle I. B. Nazarova
R. S. Nesterov
Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment
RUDN journal of Sociology
risk
risk behavior
awareness
health
hiv
non-profit organization (npo)
risk groups
sociological survey
title Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment
title_full Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment
title_fullStr Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment
title_full_unstemmed Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment
title_short Risks of infection with the HIV: Sociological assessment
title_sort risks of infection with the hiv sociological assessment
topic risk
risk behavior
awareness
health
hiv
non-profit organization (npo)
risk groups
sociological survey
url https://journals.rudn.ru/sociology/article/viewFile/41174/23949
work_keys_str_mv AT ibnazarova risksofinfectionwiththehivsociologicalassessment
AT rsnesterov risksofinfectionwiththehivsociologicalassessment