Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors

Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases (BCATs), existing as the two isoforms BCAT1 and BCAT2, are responsible for the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and are highly upregulated and implicated in a diverse range of cancers. BCAT1 inhibitors represent a potential class of therape...

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Main Authors: Wen Luo, Zilu Pan, Xinyuan Zhu, Yan Li, Yong Li, Yudi Zhang, Jiamin Pan, Jian Ding, Hua Xie, Guilong Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Molecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/904
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author Wen Luo
Zilu Pan
Xinyuan Zhu
Yan Li
Yong Li
Yudi Zhang
Jiamin Pan
Jian Ding
Hua Xie
Guilong Zhao
author_facet Wen Luo
Zilu Pan
Xinyuan Zhu
Yan Li
Yong Li
Yudi Zhang
Jiamin Pan
Jian Ding
Hua Xie
Guilong Zhao
author_sort Wen Luo
collection DOAJ
description Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases (BCATs), existing as the two isoforms BCAT1 and BCAT2, are responsible for the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and are highly upregulated and implicated in a diverse range of cancers. BCAT1 inhibitors represent a potential class of therapeutic agents for cancers; however, none have yet progressed to clinical development. Our earlier research identified <b>WQQ-345</b> as a novel BCAT1 inhibitor featuring a unique bridged bicyclic skeleton and demonstrating both in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity against tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant lung cancer with high BCAT1 expression. In the present study, we proceeded to modify the structure of <b>WQQ-345</b> by two-round structure–activity relationship (SAR) exploration, leading to the discovery of a bicyclo[3.2.1]octene-bearing GABA derivative <b>7</b>. Compound <b>7</b> exhibited a 6-fold enhancement in BCAT1 enzymatic inhibitory activity compared to the parent compound <b>WQQ-345</b> and could effectively suppress the growth of 67R cells that highly expressed BCAT1 and was resistant to third-generation TKIs. GABA derivatives are an important chemical class of BCAT1 inhibitors, and therefore, the findings in the present study represent great progress both in the discovery of potent BCAT1 inhibitors with new chemical structures and in the treatment of cancer resistance.
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spelling doaj-art-8b7f78552cf24d81b7c195ee7f50cc0a2025-08-20T03:12:04ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-02-0130490410.3390/molecules30040904Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 InhibitorsWen Luo0Zilu Pan1Xinyuan Zhu2Yan Li3Yong Li4Yudi Zhang5Jiamin Pan6Jian Ding7Hua Xie8Guilong Zhao9School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaZhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, ChinaShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaBranched-chain amino acid aminotransferases (BCATs), existing as the two isoforms BCAT1 and BCAT2, are responsible for the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and are highly upregulated and implicated in a diverse range of cancers. BCAT1 inhibitors represent a potential class of therapeutic agents for cancers; however, none have yet progressed to clinical development. Our earlier research identified <b>WQQ-345</b> as a novel BCAT1 inhibitor featuring a unique bridged bicyclic skeleton and demonstrating both in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity against tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant lung cancer with high BCAT1 expression. In the present study, we proceeded to modify the structure of <b>WQQ-345</b> by two-round structure–activity relationship (SAR) exploration, leading to the discovery of a bicyclo[3.2.1]octene-bearing GABA derivative <b>7</b>. Compound <b>7</b> exhibited a 6-fold enhancement in BCAT1 enzymatic inhibitory activity compared to the parent compound <b>WQQ-345</b> and could effectively suppress the growth of 67R cells that highly expressed BCAT1 and was resistant to third-generation TKIs. GABA derivatives are an important chemical class of BCAT1 inhibitors, and therefore, the findings in the present study represent great progress both in the discovery of potent BCAT1 inhibitors with new chemical structures and in the treatment of cancer resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/904BCAT1 inhibitorstructure–activity relationshipcancer resistancethird-generation EGFR TKIGABAamino acid
spellingShingle Wen Luo
Zilu Pan
Xinyuan Zhu
Yan Li
Yong Li
Yudi Zhang
Jiamin Pan
Jian Ding
Hua Xie
Guilong Zhao
Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors
Molecules
BCAT1 inhibitor
structure–activity relationship
cancer resistance
third-generation EGFR TKI
GABA
amino acid
title Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors
title_full Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors
title_fullStr Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors
title_full_unstemmed Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors
title_short Design, Synthesis and Biological Activity Study of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives Containing Bridged Bicyclic Skeletons as BCAT1 Inhibitors
title_sort design synthesis and biological activity study of γ aminobutyric acid gaba derivatives containing bridged bicyclic skeletons as bcat1 inhibitors
topic BCAT1 inhibitor
structure–activity relationship
cancer resistance
third-generation EGFR TKI
GABA
amino acid
url https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/4/904
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