Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study
BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant public health challenge due to its complex management. β-blockers may offer neuroprotective benefits, but their impact on TBI outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of β-blocker use on clinical outcomes in TBI...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1465657/full |
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| author | Yaxin Zhang Tingting Liu Wenwen Ji Guangdong Wang |
| author_facet | Yaxin Zhang Tingting Liu Wenwen Ji Guangdong Wang |
| author_sort | Yaxin Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant public health challenge due to its complex management. β-blockers may offer neuroprotective benefits, but their impact on TBI outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of β-blocker use on clinical outcomes in TBI patients.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult TBI patients, categorized into β-blocker and non-β-blocker groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance baseline characteristics. Mortality was assessed through the application of multivariable Cox regression models and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Subgroup analyses examined the consistency of the results.ResultsA total of 1,516 patients were included in the study, with 750 receiving β-blocker therapy and 766 not receiving it. After PSM, 473 pairs of patients were matched. The analysis indicated that β-blockers significantly reduce 28-day mortality (HR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.31–0.60, P < 0.001). However, patients receiving β-blocker had considerably longer hospital stays (7.89 days vs. 5.45 days, P < 0.001) and ICU stays (2.94 days vs. 2.33 days, P < 0.001).Conclusionβ-blocker therapy is associated with improved short-term outcomes in patients with TBI, particularly in those with mild (GCS 13–15) and severe (GCS 3–8) TBI. However, no significant benefit was observed in patients with moderate TBI (GCS 9–12). This therapy may also prolong hospital and ICU stays. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8b474b3074de400ea8780c0090f29ece |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-8b474b3074de400ea8780c0090f29ece2025-01-22T07:12:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-01-011610.3389/fphar.2025.14656571465657Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched studyYaxin Zhang0Tingting Liu1Wenwen Ji2Guangdong Wang3Department of Neurology, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shanxi, ChinaBackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant public health challenge due to its complex management. β-blockers may offer neuroprotective benefits, but their impact on TBI outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of β-blocker use on clinical outcomes in TBI patients.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included adult TBI patients, categorized into β-blocker and non-β-blocker groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to balance baseline characteristics. Mortality was assessed through the application of multivariable Cox regression models and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Subgroup analyses examined the consistency of the results.ResultsA total of 1,516 patients were included in the study, with 750 receiving β-blocker therapy and 766 not receiving it. After PSM, 473 pairs of patients were matched. The analysis indicated that β-blockers significantly reduce 28-day mortality (HR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.31–0.60, P < 0.001). However, patients receiving β-blocker had considerably longer hospital stays (7.89 days vs. 5.45 days, P < 0.001) and ICU stays (2.94 days vs. 2.33 days, P < 0.001).Conclusionβ-blocker therapy is associated with improved short-term outcomes in patients with TBI, particularly in those with mild (GCS 13–15) and severe (GCS 3–8) TBI. However, no significant benefit was observed in patients with moderate TBI (GCS 9–12). This therapy may also prolong hospital and ICU stays.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1465657/fullβ-blocker therapytraumatic brain injurymortalitypropensity score matchingclinical outcomes |
| spellingShingle | Yaxin Zhang Tingting Liu Wenwen Ji Guangdong Wang Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study Frontiers in Pharmacology β-blocker therapy traumatic brain injury mortality propensity score matching clinical outcomes |
| title | Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study |
| title_full | Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study |
| title_short | Effect of β-blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective propensity-matched study |
| title_sort | effect of β blocker on clinical outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury a retrospective propensity matched study |
| topic | β-blocker therapy traumatic brain injury mortality propensity score matching clinical outcomes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1465657/full |
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