Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis

Background: Complete heart block (CHB) is a cardiac conduction disorder that can be fatal if not treated promptly. Malnutrition has been shown to have a significant impact on various cardiac conditions. Aim: The objective was to determine if the nutritional status influences the outcomes in patients...

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Main Authors: Nahush Bansal, Sonaal Singla, Jasneet Kaur, Nikita Sharma, Feehaan Sultan, Shuhao Qiu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Obesities
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/5/1/18
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author Nahush Bansal
Sonaal Singla
Jasneet Kaur
Nikita Sharma
Feehaan Sultan
Shuhao Qiu
author_facet Nahush Bansal
Sonaal Singla
Jasneet Kaur
Nikita Sharma
Feehaan Sultan
Shuhao Qiu
author_sort Nahush Bansal
collection DOAJ
description Background: Complete heart block (CHB) is a cardiac conduction disorder that can be fatal if not treated promptly. Malnutrition has been shown to have a significant impact on various cardiac conditions. Aim: The objective was to determine if the nutritional status influences the outcomes in patients with CHB. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the United States Inpatient Sample database on patients admitted with complete heart block. Outcomes were compared between the patients with and without concomitant malnutrition. Results: The study included 37,480 patients with complete heart block, of whom 603 (1.61%) had malnutrition. Compared to patients without malnutrition, patients with malnutrition had higher adjusted in-hospital mortality rates (aOR 2.61; 95% CI 1.46–3.48), longer length of stay (LOS) (mean increase 2.23 days; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and higher hospital charges (mean increase USD 76,907.32; <i>p</i> < 0.01). The malnourished group also had significantly higher rates of cardiogenic shock (aOR 2.80; 95% CI 1.56–5.03; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and acute respiratory failure (aOR 2.65; 95% CI 1.67–4.22; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Patients with malnutrition had significantly lower rates of permanent pacemaker (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.38–0.86; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and longer delay to permanent pacemaker intervention (mean increase 1.38 days; <i>p</i> = 0.014). The impact on outcomes was worse in patients with severe malnutrition compared to those with mild to moderate malnutrition. Conclusions: Malnutrition is associated with significantly worse outcomes in CHB admissions, including higher mortality, resource utilization, complications, and lower and delayed pacemaker intervention. Individualized and timely nutritional interventions might potentially play a key role in improving outcomes in these patients.
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spelling doaj-art-8b314c361ea84f998095865bb15093142025-08-20T01:48:45ZengMDPI AGObesities2673-41682025-03-01511810.3390/obesities5010018Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide AnalysisNahush Bansal0Sonaal Singla1Jasneet Kaur2Nikita Sharma3Feehaan Sultan4Shuhao Qiu5Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, New York, NY 11554, USADivision of Cardiology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana 141001, IndiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USABackground: Complete heart block (CHB) is a cardiac conduction disorder that can be fatal if not treated promptly. Malnutrition has been shown to have a significant impact on various cardiac conditions. Aim: The objective was to determine if the nutritional status influences the outcomes in patients with CHB. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the United States Inpatient Sample database on patients admitted with complete heart block. Outcomes were compared between the patients with and without concomitant malnutrition. Results: The study included 37,480 patients with complete heart block, of whom 603 (1.61%) had malnutrition. Compared to patients without malnutrition, patients with malnutrition had higher adjusted in-hospital mortality rates (aOR 2.61; 95% CI 1.46–3.48), longer length of stay (LOS) (mean increase 2.23 days; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and higher hospital charges (mean increase USD 76,907.32; <i>p</i> < 0.01). The malnourished group also had significantly higher rates of cardiogenic shock (aOR 2.80; 95% CI 1.56–5.03; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and acute respiratory failure (aOR 2.65; 95% CI 1.67–4.22; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Patients with malnutrition had significantly lower rates of permanent pacemaker (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.38–0.86; <i>p</i> < 0.01) and longer delay to permanent pacemaker intervention (mean increase 1.38 days; <i>p</i> = 0.014). The impact on outcomes was worse in patients with severe malnutrition compared to those with mild to moderate malnutrition. Conclusions: Malnutrition is associated with significantly worse outcomes in CHB admissions, including higher mortality, resource utilization, complications, and lower and delayed pacemaker intervention. Individualized and timely nutritional interventions might potentially play a key role in improving outcomes in these patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/5/1/18complete heart blockmalnutritionpermanent pacemakernational inpatient databasemortalitylength of stay
spellingShingle Nahush Bansal
Sonaal Singla
Jasneet Kaur
Nikita Sharma
Feehaan Sultan
Shuhao Qiu
Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis
Obesities
complete heart block
malnutrition
permanent pacemaker
national inpatient database
mortality
length of stay
title Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis
title_full Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis
title_fullStr Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis
title_short Association of Malnutrition in Patients Admitted with Complete Heart Block: A Nationwide Analysis
title_sort association of malnutrition in patients admitted with complete heart block a nationwide analysis
topic complete heart block
malnutrition
permanent pacemaker
national inpatient database
mortality
length of stay
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4168/5/1/18
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