Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model?
Objective(s): Following our previous studies on the anti-obesity and cardioprotective effects of 17-beta estradiol (E2), this study was designed to determine the effects of Resisted swimming (RSW) training and E2 (alone and in combination) on cardiometabolic risk factors in an obese postmenopausal r...
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Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_25621_ea4d8541b241fde7c99808c0b5c95f48.pdf |
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| author | Sara Shirazpour Mohammad Khaksari Abbas Ali Gaeini Hamideh Bashiri Kayvan Khoramipour Forouzan Rafie |
| author_facet | Sara Shirazpour Mohammad Khaksari Abbas Ali Gaeini Hamideh Bashiri Kayvan Khoramipour Forouzan Rafie |
| author_sort | Sara Shirazpour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective(s): Following our previous studies on the anti-obesity and cardioprotective effects of 17-beta estradiol (E2), this study was designed to determine the effects of Resisted swimming (RSW) training and E2 (alone and in combination) on cardiometabolic risk factors in an obese postmenopausal rat model.Materials and Methods: Female ovariectomized rats (OVX) were given a standard diet (SD) or a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks and were divided into two groups: SD and HFD. The rats were divided into ten groups to assess the effects of 8 weeks of E2 (1 mg/kg, IP) administration and RSW (5 days a week) on cardiometabolic risk factors. Parameters including body weight, BMI, visceral fat, blood glucose (BG), and cardiac oxidative stress were assessed 72 hr after the last swimming session.Results: HFD increased body weight, BMI, visceral fat, and BG levels in OVX rats. Additionally, it negatively affected the lipid profile and cardiac oxidative stress, but both E2 and RSW reduced these parameters in HFD-fed OVX rats. Although RSW and E2 equally prevented these changes, swimming was more effective than estrogen in increasing HDL levels in the SD group. The combination of E2 and RSW had a more significant effect on modulating glucose, TAC, TG, and HDL indices than the individual treatments. Conclusion: Overall, RSW ameliorates cardiometabolic risk factors in postmenopausal conditions caused by obesity, probably by modulating cardiac oxidative stress. It is also an effective non-pharmacological treatment for E2 substitution. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8b291d6c02f143d3a125dbb99ffd6ea8 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2008-3866 2008-3874 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Mashhad University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-8b291d6c02f143d3a125dbb99ffd6ea82025-08-20T03:08:33ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences2008-38662008-38742025-06-0128671872710.22038/ijbms.2025.82005.1774525621Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model?Sara Shirazpour0Mohammad Khaksari1Abbas Ali Gaeini2Hamideh Bashiri3Kayvan Khoramipour4Forouzan Rafie5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,Kerman, IranPhysiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranDepartment of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranInstitute of Neuropharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences,Kerman, IranInstitute of Neuropharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranObjective(s): Following our previous studies on the anti-obesity and cardioprotective effects of 17-beta estradiol (E2), this study was designed to determine the effects of Resisted swimming (RSW) training and E2 (alone and in combination) on cardiometabolic risk factors in an obese postmenopausal rat model.Materials and Methods: Female ovariectomized rats (OVX) were given a standard diet (SD) or a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks and were divided into two groups: SD and HFD. The rats were divided into ten groups to assess the effects of 8 weeks of E2 (1 mg/kg, IP) administration and RSW (5 days a week) on cardiometabolic risk factors. Parameters including body weight, BMI, visceral fat, blood glucose (BG), and cardiac oxidative stress were assessed 72 hr after the last swimming session.Results: HFD increased body weight, BMI, visceral fat, and BG levels in OVX rats. Additionally, it negatively affected the lipid profile and cardiac oxidative stress, but both E2 and RSW reduced these parameters in HFD-fed OVX rats. Although RSW and E2 equally prevented these changes, swimming was more effective than estrogen in increasing HDL levels in the SD group. The combination of E2 and RSW had a more significant effect on modulating glucose, TAC, TG, and HDL indices than the individual treatments. Conclusion: Overall, RSW ameliorates cardiometabolic risk factors in postmenopausal conditions caused by obesity, probably by modulating cardiac oxidative stress. It is also an effective non-pharmacological treatment for E2 substitution.https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_25621_ea4d8541b241fde7c99808c0b5c95f48.pdf17 beta-estradiolbilateral ovariectomieshigh-fat dietoxidative stressswimming |
| spellingShingle | Sara Shirazpour Mohammad Khaksari Abbas Ali Gaeini Hamideh Bashiri Kayvan Khoramipour Forouzan Rafie Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model? Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 17 beta-estradiol bilateral ovariectomies high-fat diet oxidative stress swimming |
| title | Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model? |
| title_full | Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model? |
| title_fullStr | Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model? |
| title_short | Can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model? |
| title_sort | can resisted swimming exercise substitute for the protective effects of estrogen on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese postmenopausal rat model |
| topic | 17 beta-estradiol bilateral ovariectomies high-fat diet oxidative stress swimming |
| url | https://ijbms.mums.ac.ir/article_25621_ea4d8541b241fde7c99808c0b5c95f48.pdf |
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