Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease

Abstract Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in latently-infected cells (the HIV reservoir) which decay slowly over time. Here, leveraging >500 longitudinal samples from 67 people living with HIV (PLWH) treated during acute infection, we developed a mathematical model to predict re...

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Main Authors: Alton Barbehenn, Lei Shi, Junzhe Shao, Rebecca Hoh, Heather M. Hartig, Vivian Pae, Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla, Sophia Donaire, Caroline Sheikhzadeh, Jeffrey Milush, Gregory M. Laird, Mignot Mathias, Kristen Ritter, Michael J. Peluso, Jeffrey Martin, Frederick Hecht, Christopher Pilcher, Stephanie E. Cohen, Susan Buchbinder, Diane Havlir, Monica Gandhi, Timothy J. Henrich, Hiroyu Hatano, Jingshen Wang, Steven G. Deeks, Sulggi A. Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54116-1
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author Alton Barbehenn
Lei Shi
Junzhe Shao
Rebecca Hoh
Heather M. Hartig
Vivian Pae
Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla
Sophia Donaire
Caroline Sheikhzadeh
Jeffrey Milush
Gregory M. Laird
Mignot Mathias
Kristen Ritter
Michael J. Peluso
Jeffrey Martin
Frederick Hecht
Christopher Pilcher
Stephanie E. Cohen
Susan Buchbinder
Diane Havlir
Monica Gandhi
Timothy J. Henrich
Hiroyu Hatano
Jingshen Wang
Steven G. Deeks
Sulggi A. Lee
author_facet Alton Barbehenn
Lei Shi
Junzhe Shao
Rebecca Hoh
Heather M. Hartig
Vivian Pae
Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla
Sophia Donaire
Caroline Sheikhzadeh
Jeffrey Milush
Gregory M. Laird
Mignot Mathias
Kristen Ritter
Michael J. Peluso
Jeffrey Martin
Frederick Hecht
Christopher Pilcher
Stephanie E. Cohen
Susan Buchbinder
Diane Havlir
Monica Gandhi
Timothy J. Henrich
Hiroyu Hatano
Jingshen Wang
Steven G. Deeks
Sulggi A. Lee
author_sort Alton Barbehenn
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in latently-infected cells (the HIV reservoir) which decay slowly over time. Here, leveraging >500 longitudinal samples from 67 people living with HIV (PLWH) treated during acute infection, we developed a mathematical model to predict reservoir decay from peripheral CD4 + T cells. Nonlinear generalized additive models demonstrated rapid biphasic decay of intact DNA (week 0-5: t1/2 ~ 2.83 weeks; week 5-24: t1/2 ~ 15.4 weeks) that extended out to 1 year. These estimates were ~5-fold faster than prior decay estimates among chronic treated PLWH. Defective DNA had a similar biphasic pattern, but data were more variable. Predicted intact and defective decay rates were faster for PLWH with earlier timing of ART initiation, higher initial CD4 + T cell count, and lower pre-ART viral load. In this study, we advanced our limited understanding of HIV reservoir decay at the time of ART initiation, informing future curative strategies targeting this critical time.
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spelling doaj-art-8b1fa10376d24d1298f9484c4aafb4a02024-11-24T12:33:45ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-11-0115111210.1038/s41467-024-54116-1Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV diseaseAlton Barbehenn0Lei Shi1Junzhe Shao2Rebecca Hoh3Heather M. Hartig4Vivian Pae5Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla6Sophia Donaire7Caroline Sheikhzadeh8Jeffrey Milush9Gregory M. Laird10Mignot Mathias11Kristen Ritter12Michael J. Peluso13Jeffrey Martin14Frederick Hecht15Christopher Pilcher16Stephanie E. Cohen17Susan Buchbinder18Diane Havlir19Monica Gandhi20Timothy J. Henrich21Hiroyu Hatano22Jingshen Wang23Steven G. Deeks24Sulggi A. Lee25Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Biostatistics, University of California BerkeleyDepartment of Biostatistics, University of California BerkeleyDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San FranciscoAccelevirDiagnosticsAccelevirDiagnosticsAccelevirDiagnosticsDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoSan Francisco Department of Public HealthDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Biostatistics, University of California BerkeleyDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoDepartment of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California San FranciscoAbstract Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in latently-infected cells (the HIV reservoir) which decay slowly over time. Here, leveraging >500 longitudinal samples from 67 people living with HIV (PLWH) treated during acute infection, we developed a mathematical model to predict reservoir decay from peripheral CD4 + T cells. Nonlinear generalized additive models demonstrated rapid biphasic decay of intact DNA (week 0-5: t1/2 ~ 2.83 weeks; week 5-24: t1/2 ~ 15.4 weeks) that extended out to 1 year. These estimates were ~5-fold faster than prior decay estimates among chronic treated PLWH. Defective DNA had a similar biphasic pattern, but data were more variable. Predicted intact and defective decay rates were faster for PLWH with earlier timing of ART initiation, higher initial CD4 + T cell count, and lower pre-ART viral load. In this study, we advanced our limited understanding of HIV reservoir decay at the time of ART initiation, informing future curative strategies targeting this critical time.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54116-1
spellingShingle Alton Barbehenn
Lei Shi
Junzhe Shao
Rebecca Hoh
Heather M. Hartig
Vivian Pae
Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla
Sophia Donaire
Caroline Sheikhzadeh
Jeffrey Milush
Gregory M. Laird
Mignot Mathias
Kristen Ritter
Michael J. Peluso
Jeffrey Martin
Frederick Hecht
Christopher Pilcher
Stephanie E. Cohen
Susan Buchbinder
Diane Havlir
Monica Gandhi
Timothy J. Henrich
Hiroyu Hatano
Jingshen Wang
Steven G. Deeks
Sulggi A. Lee
Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease
Nature Communications
title Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease
title_full Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease
title_fullStr Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease
title_full_unstemmed Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease
title_short Rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective HIV DNA reservoir during acute treated HIV disease
title_sort rapid biphasic decay of intact and defective hiv dna reservoir during acute treated hiv disease
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54116-1
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