Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation

Constructed wetlands have been increasingly used as an effective method for removing heavy metals from wastewater. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of sawdust and Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetlands cultivated with Phragmites Aus...

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Main Authors: Hayede Nafasi, Azadeh Hemmati, Fatemeh Aghamohammadi, Ali Afrous
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Iranian Association of Chemical Engineering (IAChE) 2024-02-01
Series:Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering
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Online Access:https://www.ijche.com/article_192424_76f6d47b9a16253895ea9ca152e7f0ad.pdf
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author Hayede Nafasi
Azadeh Hemmati
Fatemeh Aghamohammadi
Ali Afrous
author_facet Hayede Nafasi
Azadeh Hemmati
Fatemeh Aghamohammadi
Ali Afrous
author_sort Hayede Nafasi
collection DOAJ
description Constructed wetlands have been increasingly used as an effective method for removing heavy metals from wastewater. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of sawdust and Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetlands cultivated with Phragmites Australis to remove Pb and Co from oily wastewater. To this end, nine barrels were used to construct the wetlands, which were filled with coarse gravel, polluted soil, and varying percentages of sawdust (0%, 20%, and 40%). Phragmites Australis cuttings were then cultured inside the barrels and irrigated with heavy metal-contaminated oily wastewater for three different hydraulic retention times (5, 10, and 15 days). After the vegetation period, plant, soil, and wastewater samples were collected and analyzed for Co and Pb concentrations, from which transfer factor (TF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and removal efficiency (%) were derived. Results showed that while both Pb and Co removal efficiencies were affected by HRT and sawdust, the removal efficiency of Pb (36.66%) was higher than that of Co (30.83%). TF was less than one and was not affected by HRT and sawdust, but the effect of HRT and sawdust on increasing BCF was significant. However, Phragmites Australis demonstrated suboptimal performance in the uptake and transfer of metals from the root to stem.
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publishDate 2024-02-01
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spelling doaj-art-8b1e5c48bd5642ac8d1b8faefad26dc42025-08-20T03:13:38ZengIranian Association of Chemical Engineering (IAChE)Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering1735-53972008-23552024-02-01211668010.22034/ijche.2024.425137.1505192424Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis CultivationHayede Nafasi0Azadeh Hemmati1Fatemeh Aghamohammadi2Ali Afrous3Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum, and Gas Engineering. Semnan Universitychemical and Petroleum engineering department, Semnan UniversityDepartment of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranDepartment of Water Engineering, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, IranConstructed wetlands have been increasingly used as an effective method for removing heavy metals from wastewater. This study aimed to investigate the combined effect of sawdust and Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) on the performance of vertical-flow constructed wetlands cultivated with Phragmites Australis to remove Pb and Co from oily wastewater. To this end, nine barrels were used to construct the wetlands, which were filled with coarse gravel, polluted soil, and varying percentages of sawdust (0%, 20%, and 40%). Phragmites Australis cuttings were then cultured inside the barrels and irrigated with heavy metal-contaminated oily wastewater for three different hydraulic retention times (5, 10, and 15 days). After the vegetation period, plant, soil, and wastewater samples were collected and analyzed for Co and Pb concentrations, from which transfer factor (TF), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and removal efficiency (%) were derived. Results showed that while both Pb and Co removal efficiencies were affected by HRT and sawdust, the removal efficiency of Pb (36.66%) was higher than that of Co (30.83%). TF was less than one and was not affected by HRT and sawdust, but the effect of HRT and sawdust on increasing BCF was significant. However, Phragmites Australis demonstrated suboptimal performance in the uptake and transfer of metals from the root to stem.https://www.ijche.com/article_192424_76f6d47b9a16253895ea9ca152e7f0ad.pdfconstructed wetlandshrtoily wastewaterphytoremediationphragmites australissawdust
spellingShingle Hayede Nafasi
Azadeh Hemmati
Fatemeh Aghamohammadi
Ali Afrous
Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation
Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering
constructed wetlands
hrt
oily wastewater
phytoremediation
phragmites australis
sawdust
title Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation
title_full Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation
title_fullStr Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation
title_full_unstemmed Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation
title_short Assessing the Impact of Hydraulic Retention Time and Sawdust on the Elimination of Pb and Co from Oily Wastewater via Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) with Phragmites Australis Cultivation
title_sort assessing the impact of hydraulic retention time and sawdust on the elimination of pb and co from oily wastewater via vertical flow constructed wetlands vfcws with phragmites australis cultivation
topic constructed wetlands
hrt
oily wastewater
phytoremediation
phragmites australis
sawdust
url https://www.ijche.com/article_192424_76f6d47b9a16253895ea9ca152e7f0ad.pdf
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