The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System
The poorly documented volcanic rocks of the Ouaddai massif in Chad are a continuity of the ones of the Cameroon Volcanic Line further to the SE, located within the Central African rift system. New mineralogical and geochemical data from the Iriba basanites (SiO2: 41–45 wt%) show depletion in HREE, s...
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Académie des sciences
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.282/ |
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| author | Djerossem, Félix Nenadji Mbassa, Benoît Joseph Vanderhaeghe, Olivier Gregoire, Michel |
| author_facet | Djerossem, Félix Nenadji Mbassa, Benoît Joseph Vanderhaeghe, Olivier Gregoire, Michel |
| author_sort | Djerossem, Félix Nenadji |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The poorly documented volcanic rocks of the Ouaddai massif in Chad are a continuity of the ones of the Cameroon Volcanic Line further to the SE, located within the Central African rift system. New mineralogical and geochemical data from the Iriba basanites (SiO2: 41–45 wt%) show depletion in HREE, slight negative Sm anomaly and high LREE/HREE ratios, which is typical of OIB. The main differentiation process is fractional crystallization with a complete lack of crustal contamination. These features, similar to basanites exposed in southern Cameroon, reflect the partial melting of a metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric root reworked during the formation of the Cenozoic Central Africa Rift System. We propose to define by Cameroon-Chad Volcanic Line this continental scale structure controlling the emplacement of alkaline magmas. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8aec433b6f154b35b15eb43fcc632dce |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1778-7025 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus. Géoscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-8aec433b6f154b35b15eb43fcc632dce2025-02-07T10:41:13ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus. Géoscience1778-70252024-12-01356G123124810.5802/crgeos.28210.5802/crgeos.282The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift SystemDjerossem, Félix Nenadji0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8350-9237Mbassa, Benoît Joseph1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4161-1177Vanderhaeghe, Olivier2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9361-4631 Gregoire, Michel3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9196-876XInstitut National Supérieur du Sahara et du Sahel d’Iriba, Département des Mines, Energies Nouvelles et Renouvelables, TchadInstitute for Geological and Mining Research. P.O. Box 4110 Yaoundé, CameroonGET-OMP, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, IRD, CNES, 14 avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceGET-OMP, Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, IRD, CNES, 14 avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceThe poorly documented volcanic rocks of the Ouaddai massif in Chad are a continuity of the ones of the Cameroon Volcanic Line further to the SE, located within the Central African rift system. New mineralogical and geochemical data from the Iriba basanites (SiO2: 41–45 wt%) show depletion in HREE, slight negative Sm anomaly and high LREE/HREE ratios, which is typical of OIB. The main differentiation process is fractional crystallization with a complete lack of crustal contamination. These features, similar to basanites exposed in southern Cameroon, reflect the partial melting of a metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric root reworked during the formation of the Cenozoic Central Africa Rift System. We propose to define by Cameroon-Chad Volcanic Line this continental scale structure controlling the emplacement of alkaline magmas.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.282/Chad volcanic activityIriba basaniteFractional crystallizationHIMU-type mantleAlkaline magmatismCentral Africa rift system |
| spellingShingle | Djerossem, Félix Nenadji Mbassa, Benoît Joseph Vanderhaeghe, Olivier Gregoire, Michel The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System Comptes Rendus. Géoscience Chad volcanic activity Iriba basanite Fractional crystallization HIMU-type mantle Alkaline magmatism Central Africa rift system |
| title | The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System |
| title_full | The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System |
| title_fullStr | The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System |
| title_short | The Iriba alkaline basalts, an expression of mantle-derived Cretaceous magmatism of the Cameroon-Chad volcanic line along the Central Africa Rift System |
| title_sort | iriba alkaline basalts an expression of mantle derived cretaceous magmatism of the cameroon chad volcanic line along the central africa rift system |
| topic | Chad volcanic activity Iriba basanite Fractional crystallization HIMU-type mantle Alkaline magmatism Central Africa rift system |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/articles/10.5802/crgeos.282/ |
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