Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy

Background. Portosystemic collateral vessels are a sign of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Esophageal collateral veins (ECVs) are one major type of portosystemic collateral vessels, which increase the recurrence of esophageal varices and bleeding after variceal eradication. However, the risk...

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Main Authors: Qianqian Li, Xiaozhong Guo, Ji Feng, Xiangbo Xu, Saurabh Chawla, Hongyu Li, Xingshun Qi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6666791
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author Qianqian Li
Xiaozhong Guo
Ji Feng
Xiangbo Xu
Saurabh Chawla
Hongyu Li
Xingshun Qi
author_facet Qianqian Li
Xiaozhong Guo
Ji Feng
Xiangbo Xu
Saurabh Chawla
Hongyu Li
Xingshun Qi
author_sort Qianqian Li
collection DOAJ
description Background. Portosystemic collateral vessels are a sign of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Esophageal collateral veins (ECVs) are one major type of portosystemic collateral vessels, which increase the recurrence of esophageal varices and bleeding after variceal eradication. However, the risk factors for ECVs were still unclear. Methods. We retrospectively screened cirrhotic patients who had contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images to evaluate ECVs and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic reports to evaluate gastroesophageal varices at our department. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the independent risk factors for ECVs. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed in patients with and without previous endoscopic variceal therapy which primarily included endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). Results. Overall, 243 patients were included, in whom the prevalence of ECVs was 53.9%. The independent risk factors for ECVs were hepatitis C virus infection (OR = 0.250, p = 0.026), previous EVL (OR = 1.929, p = 0.044), platelet (OR = 0.993, p = 0.008), and esophageal varices needing treatment (EVNTs) (OR = 2.422, p = 0.006). The prevalence of ECVs was 60.8% (73/120) in patients undergoing EVL, 50% (10/20) in those undergoing EIS, and 47.5% (48/101) in those without previous endoscopic variceal therapy. The independent risk factors for ECVs were the use of nonselective beta-blockers (OR = 0.294, p = 0.042) and EVNTs (OR = 3.714, p = 0.006) in subgroup analyses of patients with and without previous endoscopic variceal therapy, respectively. Conclusions. The presence of ECVs should be closely associated with the severity of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Risk of ECVs might be increased by previous EVL.
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spelling doaj-art-8ae1a2c7833b4ffbb20186bb1d5e63d12025-08-20T03:37:34ZengWileyCanadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology2291-27972022-01-01202210.1155/2022/6666791Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal TherapyQianqian Li0Xiaozhong Guo1Ji Feng2Xiangbo Xu3Saurabh Chawla4Hongyu Li5Xingshun Qi6Department of GastroenterologyDepartment of GastroenterologyDepartment of GastroenterologyDepartment of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineDepartment of GastroenterologyDepartment of GastroenterologyBackground. Portosystemic collateral vessels are a sign of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Esophageal collateral veins (ECVs) are one major type of portosystemic collateral vessels, which increase the recurrence of esophageal varices and bleeding after variceal eradication. However, the risk factors for ECVs were still unclear. Methods. We retrospectively screened cirrhotic patients who had contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images to evaluate ECVs and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic reports to evaluate gastroesophageal varices at our department. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the independent risk factors for ECVs. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed in patients with and without previous endoscopic variceal therapy which primarily included endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). Results. Overall, 243 patients were included, in whom the prevalence of ECVs was 53.9%. The independent risk factors for ECVs were hepatitis C virus infection (OR = 0.250, p = 0.026), previous EVL (OR = 1.929, p = 0.044), platelet (OR = 0.993, p = 0.008), and esophageal varices needing treatment (EVNTs) (OR = 2.422, p = 0.006). The prevalence of ECVs was 60.8% (73/120) in patients undergoing EVL, 50% (10/20) in those undergoing EIS, and 47.5% (48/101) in those without previous endoscopic variceal therapy. The independent risk factors for ECVs were the use of nonselective beta-blockers (OR = 0.294, p = 0.042) and EVNTs (OR = 3.714, p = 0.006) in subgroup analyses of patients with and without previous endoscopic variceal therapy, respectively. Conclusions. The presence of ECVs should be closely associated with the severity of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis. Risk of ECVs might be increased by previous EVL.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6666791
spellingShingle Qianqian Li
Xiaozhong Guo
Ji Feng
Xiangbo Xu
Saurabh Chawla
Hongyu Li
Xingshun Qi
Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy
Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
title Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy
title_full Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy
title_fullStr Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy
title_short Risk Factors for Esophageal Collateral Veins in Cirrhosis with and without Previous Endoscopic Esophageal Variceal Therapy
title_sort risk factors for esophageal collateral veins in cirrhosis with and without previous endoscopic esophageal variceal therapy
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6666791
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