Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients

Relevance. The driving force behind the pathogenesis of no-reflow, as a component of ischemic-reperfusion injury, is myocardial edema, which provokes extravascular compression of the infarct-related artery (IRA), making it impossible to restore antegrade blood flow. Targeting edema is a promising ap...

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Main Authors: Maksim Y. Sokolov, Sergii V. Salo, Valentyn O. Shumakov, Serhii S. Shpak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Professional Edition Eastern Europe 2025-03-01
Series:Український журнал серцево-судинної хірургії
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Online Access:https://cvs.org.ua/index.php/ujcvs/article/view/709
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author Maksim Y. Sokolov
Sergii V. Salo
Valentyn O. Shumakov
Serhii S. Shpak
author_facet Maksim Y. Sokolov
Sergii V. Salo
Valentyn O. Shumakov
Serhii S. Shpak
author_sort Maksim Y. Sokolov
collection DOAJ
description Relevance. The driving force behind the pathogenesis of no-reflow, as a component of ischemic-reperfusion injury, is myocardial edema, which provokes extravascular compression of the infarct-related artery (IRA), making it impossible to restore antegrade blood flow. Targeting edema is a promising approach in the treatment of this condition. Aim. To analyze different strategies for managing no-reflow and to present data on the intracoronary single-dose administration of glucocorticoids in terms of their ability to improve blood flow gradation according to the TIMI scale during primary PCI in STEMI patients. Materials and methods. During the period 2022–2024, 26 STEMI patients with no-reflow (TIMI 0/1 after stent implantation) were selected and divided into two groups of 13 patients each. The main group received a single intracoronary selective injection of methylprednisolone (250 mg) via a microcatheter into the IRA. The control group did not receive intracoronary pharmacotherapy for no-reflow, only hemodynamic support in case of hemodynamic deterioration. Results. The most significant risk factor for the occurrence of no-reflow was found to be a prolonged period of acute myocardial ischemia, which, in our study, lasted 18 hours from the onset of symptoms. Regarding the effect of glucocorticoids, it was observed that when using methylprednisolone, administered according to the approved methodology, an increase in blood flow from TIMI 0 to TIMI 3 was achieved in 61.5% of cases. Compared with the control group, the angiographic effectiveness of this new treatment for the no-reflow phenomenon reached 53.8%. In-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (38.46% vs. 53.85%). Conclusions. The duration of acute myocardial infarction symptoms is a crucial risk factor for the no-reflow phenomenon during primary PCI. This study demonstrates that the use of glucocorticoids can help restore blood flow in no-reflow cases. Achieving TIMI 3 blood flow following a single intracoronary injection of methylprednisolone occurred in 61.5% of patients in the treatment group. Compared with the control group, the effectiveness of this new method reached 53.8%. Despite the improvement in TIMI flow, it was not possible to reduce in-hospital mortality in patients receiving hormone therapy.
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spelling doaj-art-8ae13b6ac1dc4fdeb342da5d046b0f942025-08-20T03:40:47ZengProfessional Edition Eastern EuropeУкраїнський журнал серцево-судинної хірургії2664-59632664-59712025-03-013315459709Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI PatientsMaksim Y. Sokolovhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8133-9318Sergii V. Salohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5456-1418Valentyn O. Shumakovhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-8759Serhii S. Shpakhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-9265Relevance. The driving force behind the pathogenesis of no-reflow, as a component of ischemic-reperfusion injury, is myocardial edema, which provokes extravascular compression of the infarct-related artery (IRA), making it impossible to restore antegrade blood flow. Targeting edema is a promising approach in the treatment of this condition. Aim. To analyze different strategies for managing no-reflow and to present data on the intracoronary single-dose administration of glucocorticoids in terms of their ability to improve blood flow gradation according to the TIMI scale during primary PCI in STEMI patients. Materials and methods. During the period 2022–2024, 26 STEMI patients with no-reflow (TIMI 0/1 after stent implantation) were selected and divided into two groups of 13 patients each. The main group received a single intracoronary selective injection of methylprednisolone (250 mg) via a microcatheter into the IRA. The control group did not receive intracoronary pharmacotherapy for no-reflow, only hemodynamic support in case of hemodynamic deterioration. Results. The most significant risk factor for the occurrence of no-reflow was found to be a prolonged period of acute myocardial ischemia, which, in our study, lasted 18 hours from the onset of symptoms. Regarding the effect of glucocorticoids, it was observed that when using methylprednisolone, administered according to the approved methodology, an increase in blood flow from TIMI 0 to TIMI 3 was achieved in 61.5% of cases. Compared with the control group, the angiographic effectiveness of this new treatment for the no-reflow phenomenon reached 53.8%. In-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (38.46% vs. 53.85%). Conclusions. The duration of acute myocardial infarction symptoms is a crucial risk factor for the no-reflow phenomenon during primary PCI. This study demonstrates that the use of glucocorticoids can help restore blood flow in no-reflow cases. Achieving TIMI 3 blood flow following a single intracoronary injection of methylprednisolone occurred in 61.5% of patients in the treatment group. Compared with the control group, the effectiveness of this new method reached 53.8%. Despite the improvement in TIMI flow, it was not possible to reduce in-hospital mortality in patients receiving hormone therapy.https://cvs.org.ua/index.php/ujcvs/article/view/709methylprednisolonereperfusion injurymyocardial edemaduration of ischemiaprimary pci
spellingShingle Maksim Y. Sokolov
Sergii V. Salo
Valentyn O. Shumakov
Serhii S. Shpak
Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
Український журнал серцево-судинної хірургії
methylprednisolone
reperfusion injury
myocardial edema
duration of ischemia
primary pci
title Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
title_full Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
title_fullStr Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
title_full_unstemmed Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
title_short Effectiveness of Glucocorticoids in the No-Reflow Phenomenon in STEMI Patients
title_sort effectiveness of glucocorticoids in the no reflow phenomenon in stemi patients
topic methylprednisolone
reperfusion injury
myocardial edema
duration of ischemia
primary pci
url https://cvs.org.ua/index.php/ujcvs/article/view/709
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AT valentynoshumakov effectivenessofglucocorticoidsinthenoreflowphenomenoninstemipatients
AT serhiisshpak effectivenessofglucocorticoidsinthenoreflowphenomenoninstemipatients