Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine

Human adipose stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers that are capable of multilineage differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors. Their “homing” to injured tissues is mediated by chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and signaling pathways...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Doina Ramona Manu, Diana V. Portan, Monica Vuţă, Minodora Dobreanu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Biomimetics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/10/7/438
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849419175197409280
author Doina Ramona Manu
Diana V. Portan
Monica Vuţă
Minodora Dobreanu
author_facet Doina Ramona Manu
Diana V. Portan
Monica Vuţă
Minodora Dobreanu
author_sort Doina Ramona Manu
collection DOAJ
description Human adipose stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers that are capable of multilineage differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors. Their “homing” to injured tissues is mediated by chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and signaling pathways. Enhancing ASC homing is critical for improving regenerative therapies. Strategies include boosting chemotactic signaling, modulating immune responses to create a supportive environment, preconditioning ASCs with hypoxia or mechanical stimuli, co-culturing with supportive cells, applying surface modifications or genetic engineering, and using biomaterials to promote ASC recruitment, retention, and integration at injury sites. Scaffolds provide structural support and a biomimetic environment for ASC-based tissue regeneration. Natural scaffolds promote adhesion and differentiation but have mechanical limitations, while synthetic scaffolds offer tunable properties and controlled degradation. Functionalization with bioactive molecules improves the regenerative outcomes of different tissue types. Ceramic-based scaffolds, due to their strength and bioactivity, are ideal for bone healing. Composite scaffolds, combining polymers, ceramics, or metals, further optimize mechanical and biological properties, supporting personalized regenerative therapies. This review integrates concepts from cell biology, biomaterials science, and regenerative medicine to offer a comprehensive understanding of ASC homing and its impact on tissue engineering and clinical applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-8a8fa0f3418b44a1acc085b199bcae58
institution Kabale University
issn 2313-7673
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biomimetics
spelling doaj-art-8a8fa0f3418b44a1acc085b199bcae582025-08-20T03:32:12ZengMDPI AGBiomimetics2313-76732025-07-0110743810.3390/biomimetics10070438Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive MedicineDoina Ramona Manu0Diana V. Portan1Monica Vuţă2Minodora Dobreanu3Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Panepistimioupoli, 265 04 Patras, GreeceDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaCenter for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaHuman adipose stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers that are capable of multilineage differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors. Their “homing” to injured tissues is mediated by chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and signaling pathways. Enhancing ASC homing is critical for improving regenerative therapies. Strategies include boosting chemotactic signaling, modulating immune responses to create a supportive environment, preconditioning ASCs with hypoxia or mechanical stimuli, co-culturing with supportive cells, applying surface modifications or genetic engineering, and using biomaterials to promote ASC recruitment, retention, and integration at injury sites. Scaffolds provide structural support and a biomimetic environment for ASC-based tissue regeneration. Natural scaffolds promote adhesion and differentiation but have mechanical limitations, while synthetic scaffolds offer tunable properties and controlled degradation. Functionalization with bioactive molecules improves the regenerative outcomes of different tissue types. Ceramic-based scaffolds, due to their strength and bioactivity, are ideal for bone healing. Composite scaffolds, combining polymers, ceramics, or metals, further optimize mechanical and biological properties, supporting personalized regenerative therapies. This review integrates concepts from cell biology, biomaterials science, and regenerative medicine to offer a comprehensive understanding of ASC homing and its impact on tissue engineering and clinical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/10/7/438adipose stem cellhoming mechanismregenerative therapiesbiomaterialsscaffold engineering
spellingShingle Doina Ramona Manu
Diana V. Portan
Monica Vuţă
Minodora Dobreanu
Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
Biomimetics
adipose stem cell
homing mechanism
regenerative therapies
biomaterials
scaffold engineering
title Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
title_full Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
title_fullStr Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
title_short Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
title_sort influence of scaffold structure and biomimetic properties on adipose stem cell homing in personalized reconstructive medicine
topic adipose stem cell
homing mechanism
regenerative therapies
biomaterials
scaffold engineering
url https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/10/7/438
work_keys_str_mv AT doinaramonamanu influenceofscaffoldstructureandbiomimeticpropertiesonadiposestemcellhominginpersonalizedreconstructivemedicine
AT dianavportan influenceofscaffoldstructureandbiomimeticpropertiesonadiposestemcellhominginpersonalizedreconstructivemedicine
AT monicavuta influenceofscaffoldstructureandbiomimeticpropertiesonadiposestemcellhominginpersonalizedreconstructivemedicine
AT minodoradobreanu influenceofscaffoldstructureandbiomimeticpropertiesonadiposestemcellhominginpersonalizedreconstructivemedicine