Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine
Human adipose stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers that are capable of multilineage differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors. Their “homing” to injured tissues is mediated by chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and signaling pathways...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| author | Doina Ramona Manu Diana V. Portan Monica Vuţă Minodora Dobreanu |
| author_facet | Doina Ramona Manu Diana V. Portan Monica Vuţă Minodora Dobreanu |
| author_sort | Doina Ramona Manu |
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| description | Human adipose stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers that are capable of multilineage differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors. Their “homing” to injured tissues is mediated by chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and signaling pathways. Enhancing ASC homing is critical for improving regenerative therapies. Strategies include boosting chemotactic signaling, modulating immune responses to create a supportive environment, preconditioning ASCs with hypoxia or mechanical stimuli, co-culturing with supportive cells, applying surface modifications or genetic engineering, and using biomaterials to promote ASC recruitment, retention, and integration at injury sites. Scaffolds provide structural support and a biomimetic environment for ASC-based tissue regeneration. Natural scaffolds promote adhesion and differentiation but have mechanical limitations, while synthetic scaffolds offer tunable properties and controlled degradation. Functionalization with bioactive molecules improves the regenerative outcomes of different tissue types. Ceramic-based scaffolds, due to their strength and bioactivity, are ideal for bone healing. Composite scaffolds, combining polymers, ceramics, or metals, further optimize mechanical and biological properties, supporting personalized regenerative therapies. This review integrates concepts from cell biology, biomaterials science, and regenerative medicine to offer a comprehensive understanding of ASC homing and its impact on tissue engineering and clinical applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8a8fa0f3418b44a1acc085b199bcae58 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2313-7673 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| series | Biomimetics |
| spelling | doaj-art-8a8fa0f3418b44a1acc085b199bcae582025-08-20T03:32:12ZengMDPI AGBiomimetics2313-76732025-07-0110743810.3390/biomimetics10070438Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive MedicineDoina Ramona Manu0Diana V. Portan1Monica Vuţă2Minodora Dobreanu3Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Panepistimioupoli, 265 04 Patras, GreeceDoctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaCenter for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaHuman adipose stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells expressing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers that are capable of multilineage differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors. Their “homing” to injured tissues is mediated by chemokines, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and signaling pathways. Enhancing ASC homing is critical for improving regenerative therapies. Strategies include boosting chemotactic signaling, modulating immune responses to create a supportive environment, preconditioning ASCs with hypoxia or mechanical stimuli, co-culturing with supportive cells, applying surface modifications or genetic engineering, and using biomaterials to promote ASC recruitment, retention, and integration at injury sites. Scaffolds provide structural support and a biomimetic environment for ASC-based tissue regeneration. Natural scaffolds promote adhesion and differentiation but have mechanical limitations, while synthetic scaffolds offer tunable properties and controlled degradation. Functionalization with bioactive molecules improves the regenerative outcomes of different tissue types. Ceramic-based scaffolds, due to their strength and bioactivity, are ideal for bone healing. Composite scaffolds, combining polymers, ceramics, or metals, further optimize mechanical and biological properties, supporting personalized regenerative therapies. This review integrates concepts from cell biology, biomaterials science, and regenerative medicine to offer a comprehensive understanding of ASC homing and its impact on tissue engineering and clinical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/10/7/438adipose stem cellhoming mechanismregenerative therapiesbiomaterialsscaffold engineering |
| spellingShingle | Doina Ramona Manu Diana V. Portan Monica Vuţă Minodora Dobreanu Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine Biomimetics adipose stem cell homing mechanism regenerative therapies biomaterials scaffold engineering |
| title | Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine |
| title_full | Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine |
| title_short | Influence of Scaffold Structure and Biomimetic Properties on Adipose Stem Cell Homing in Personalized Reconstructive Medicine |
| title_sort | influence of scaffold structure and biomimetic properties on adipose stem cell homing in personalized reconstructive medicine |
| topic | adipose stem cell homing mechanism regenerative therapies biomaterials scaffold engineering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/10/7/438 |
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