Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid
A series of polypyrrole supported WO3 were fabricated and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, BET, TGA, and FESEM-EDX. The activity of the catalysts was tested in glycerol esterification with acetic acid, and it found that WO3-Ppy-20 (nanocomposite with 20% WO3 loaded) showed the maximum catalyst acti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/264832 |
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| author | Khadijeh Beigom Ghoreishi Mohd Ambar Yarmo Norasikin Mohamad Nordin Mohd Wahid Samsudin |
| author_facet | Khadijeh Beigom Ghoreishi Mohd Ambar Yarmo Norasikin Mohamad Nordin Mohd Wahid Samsudin |
| author_sort | Khadijeh Beigom Ghoreishi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A series of polypyrrole supported WO3 were fabricated and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, BET, TGA, and FESEM-EDX. The activity of the catalysts was tested in glycerol esterification with acetic acid, and it found that WO3-Ppy-20 (nanocomposite with 20% WO3 loaded) showed the maximum catalyst activity with 98% and selectivity of 70% to triacetin at 110°C with a reaction duration of 10 h and also recorded the highest selectivity (75%) for acetylation of glycerol to monoacetin with about 59% conversion only. The highest acidity of WO3-Ppy-20 is also confirmed using TPD-NH3 analysis. The activity and selectivity to triacetin of the catalyst were enhanced by increasing WO3 loading amount, resulting in 82% conversion for WO3-Ppy-5 with about 32 and 50% selectivity to monoacetin and diacetin and about 18% selectivity to triacetin; in case of WO3-Ppy-20, these amounts were changed to 5, 25, and 70% selectivity to monoacetin, diacetin, and triacetin, respectively with the conversion of 98%. TPD-NH3 analysis found that polypyrrole supported WO3 increases the catalyst acidity of WO3. BET and FESEM analyses revealed that WO3 particles were well dispersed with the smallest average size in nanocomposite compared to pure WO3, which could contribute to the high activity of WO3-Ppy catalyst for esterification of glycerol. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8a79c749b13148909d11acb52db57a9f |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2090-9063 2090-9071 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-8a79c749b13148909d11acb52db57a9f2025-08-20T02:09:18ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90632090-90712013-01-01201310.1155/2013/264832264832Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic AcidKhadijeh Beigom Ghoreishi0Mohd Ambar Yarmo1Norasikin Mohamad Nordin2Mohd Wahid Samsudin3Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaFaculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaDepartment of Science, UTM SPACE, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia International Campus Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaFaculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MalaysiaA series of polypyrrole supported WO3 were fabricated and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, XPS, BET, TGA, and FESEM-EDX. The activity of the catalysts was tested in glycerol esterification with acetic acid, and it found that WO3-Ppy-20 (nanocomposite with 20% WO3 loaded) showed the maximum catalyst activity with 98% and selectivity of 70% to triacetin at 110°C with a reaction duration of 10 h and also recorded the highest selectivity (75%) for acetylation of glycerol to monoacetin with about 59% conversion only. The highest acidity of WO3-Ppy-20 is also confirmed using TPD-NH3 analysis. The activity and selectivity to triacetin of the catalyst were enhanced by increasing WO3 loading amount, resulting in 82% conversion for WO3-Ppy-5 with about 32 and 50% selectivity to monoacetin and diacetin and about 18% selectivity to triacetin; in case of WO3-Ppy-20, these amounts were changed to 5, 25, and 70% selectivity to monoacetin, diacetin, and triacetin, respectively with the conversion of 98%. TPD-NH3 analysis found that polypyrrole supported WO3 increases the catalyst acidity of WO3. BET and FESEM analyses revealed that WO3 particles were well dispersed with the smallest average size in nanocomposite compared to pure WO3, which could contribute to the high activity of WO3-Ppy catalyst for esterification of glycerol.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/264832 |
| spellingShingle | Khadijeh Beigom Ghoreishi Mohd Ambar Yarmo Norasikin Mohamad Nordin Mohd Wahid Samsudin Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid Journal of Chemistry |
| title | Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid |
| title_full | Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid |
| title_short | Enhanced Catalyst Activity of WO3 Using Polypyrrole as Support for Acidic Esterification of Glycerol with Acetic Acid |
| title_sort | enhanced catalyst activity of wo3 using polypyrrole as support for acidic esterification of glycerol with acetic acid |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/264832 |
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