Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study

Abstract Background Cancer screening outside of evidence-based recommendations can be considered a form of low-value care. We aimed to describe the frequency of colorectal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer screening outside of recommended age guidelines in Switzerland. Methods We analysed data...

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Main Authors: Frerik Smit, Vladimir Jolidon, Bernadette WA van der Linden, Nicolas Rodondi, Stéphane Cullati, Arnaud Chiolero
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Public Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22848-4
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author Frerik Smit
Vladimir Jolidon
Bernadette WA van der Linden
Nicolas Rodondi
Stéphane Cullati
Arnaud Chiolero
author_facet Frerik Smit
Vladimir Jolidon
Bernadette WA van der Linden
Nicolas Rodondi
Stéphane Cullati
Arnaud Chiolero
author_sort Frerik Smit
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Cancer screening outside of evidence-based recommendations can be considered a form of low-value care. We aimed to describe the frequency of colorectal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer screening outside of recommended age guidelines in Switzerland. Methods We analysed data from the 2022 Swiss Health Survey. Of 21,930 participants aged 15 or more, 20,515 (9,555 men and 10,960 women) were included in this study. We calculated age at last screening and classified individuals as having been not screened, screened within age-specific A, B, and C recommendations from the United States Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF), screened within age-specific A and B recommendations, or screened outside of recommendations. Results Among adults aged 75 years and above (75+), 40.2% (men: 35.1%; women: 44.5%) had undergone cancer screening outside of USPSTF A, B, and C recommendations. This proportion was 26.0% for adults aged 85+ (men: 27.8%; women: 24.6%). Cervical cancer screening was the most frequently undertaken outside of recommended ages by older adults (women aged 75+: 37.1%), followed by prostate (men aged 75+: 34.0%), breast (women aged 75+: 17.8%), and colorectal cancer screening (adults aged 75+: 1.3%). Screening outside of recommendations was also observed among middle-aged adults 40–59 at 12.3% (men: 20.8%; women 4.0%), and younger-aged women 20–39 at 9.9%. Proportions for screening outside of USPSTF A and B recommendations were high (adults 75+: 50.4%; adults 85+: 40.6%; adults 40–59: 20.9%). Conclusions Cancer screening outside of recommendations is highly prevalent, particularly among older adults. Further research is needed to better understand drivers of this form of low-value care.
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spelling doaj-art-8a6aa3253b0f47c685860132d57cfd132025-08-20T02:15:06ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-05-0125111310.1186/s12889-025-22848-4Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based studyFrerik Smit0Vladimir Jolidon1Bernadette WA van der Linden2Nicolas Rodondi3Stéphane Cullati4Arnaud Chiolero5Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of FribourgPopulation Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of FribourgPopulation Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of FribourgSwiss School of Public Health (SSPH+)Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of FribourgPopulation Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of FribourgAbstract Background Cancer screening outside of evidence-based recommendations can be considered a form of low-value care. We aimed to describe the frequency of colorectal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer screening outside of recommended age guidelines in Switzerland. Methods We analysed data from the 2022 Swiss Health Survey. Of 21,930 participants aged 15 or more, 20,515 (9,555 men and 10,960 women) were included in this study. We calculated age at last screening and classified individuals as having been not screened, screened within age-specific A, B, and C recommendations from the United States Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF), screened within age-specific A and B recommendations, or screened outside of recommendations. Results Among adults aged 75 years and above (75+), 40.2% (men: 35.1%; women: 44.5%) had undergone cancer screening outside of USPSTF A, B, and C recommendations. This proportion was 26.0% for adults aged 85+ (men: 27.8%; women: 24.6%). Cervical cancer screening was the most frequently undertaken outside of recommended ages by older adults (women aged 75+: 37.1%), followed by prostate (men aged 75+: 34.0%), breast (women aged 75+: 17.8%), and colorectal cancer screening (adults aged 75+: 1.3%). Screening outside of recommendations was also observed among middle-aged adults 40–59 at 12.3% (men: 20.8%; women 4.0%), and younger-aged women 20–39 at 9.9%. Proportions for screening outside of USPSTF A and B recommendations were high (adults 75+: 50.4%; adults 85+: 40.6%; adults 40–59: 20.9%). Conclusions Cancer screening outside of recommendations is highly prevalent, particularly among older adults. Further research is needed to better understand drivers of this form of low-value care.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22848-4Cancer screeningLow-value careEvidence-based medicineOlder adultsCancer prevention
spellingShingle Frerik Smit
Vladimir Jolidon
Bernadette WA van der Linden
Nicolas Rodondi
Stéphane Cullati
Arnaud Chiolero
Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
BMC Public Health
Cancer screening
Low-value care
Evidence-based medicine
Older adults
Cancer prevention
title Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
title_full Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
title_fullStr Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
title_full_unstemmed Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
title_short Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
title_sort cancer screening outside of age recommendations a population based study
topic Cancer screening
Low-value care
Evidence-based medicine
Older adults
Cancer prevention
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-22848-4
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