Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multi-factorial neurodegenerative disease with a complex pathomechanism that can be best treated with multi-target medications. Among the possible molecular targets involved in AD, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are well recognized because t...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2975 |
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| author | Ayesha Asim Michał K. Jastrzębski Agnieszka A. Kaczor |
| author_facet | Ayesha Asim Michał K. Jastrzębski Agnieszka A. Kaczor |
| author_sort | Ayesha Asim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multi-factorial neurodegenerative disease with a complex pathomechanism that can be best treated with multi-target medications. Among the possible molecular targets involved in AD, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are well recognized because they control the neurotransmitters responsible for memory processes. This review discusses the current understanding of AD pathology, recent advances in AD treatment, and recent reports in the field of dual AChE/MAO-B inhibitors for treating AD. We provide a classification of dual inhibitors based on their chemical structure and describe active compounds belonging to, i.a., chalcones, coumarins, chromones, imines, and hydrazones. Special emphasis is given to the computer-aided strategies of dual inhibitors design, their structure–activity relationships, and their interactions with the molecular targets at the molecular level. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8a69e7ca32b840a9895ff719d4e0cb6c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-8a69e7ca32b840a9895ff719d4e0cb6c2025-08-20T03:36:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492025-07-013014297510.3390/molecules30142975Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s DiseaseAyesha Asim0Michał K. Jastrzębski1Agnieszka A. Kaczor2Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, PolandAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multi-factorial neurodegenerative disease with a complex pathomechanism that can be best treated with multi-target medications. Among the possible molecular targets involved in AD, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are well recognized because they control the neurotransmitters responsible for memory processes. This review discusses the current understanding of AD pathology, recent advances in AD treatment, and recent reports in the field of dual AChE/MAO-B inhibitors for treating AD. We provide a classification of dual inhibitors based on their chemical structure and describe active compounds belonging to, i.a., chalcones, coumarins, chromones, imines, and hydrazones. Special emphasis is given to the computer-aided strategies of dual inhibitors design, their structure–activity relationships, and their interactions with the molecular targets at the molecular level.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2975dual inhibitorsAcetylcholine Esterase (AChE)Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B)molecular modelingSAR |
| spellingShingle | Ayesha Asim Michał K. Jastrzębski Agnieszka A. Kaczor Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease Molecules dual inhibitors Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE) Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) molecular modeling SAR |
| title | Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full | Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_short | Dual Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase-B for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| title_sort | dual inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase b for the treatment of alzheimer s disease |
| topic | dual inhibitors Acetylcholine Esterase (AChE) Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) molecular modeling SAR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/14/2975 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ayeshaasim dualinhibitorsofacetylcholinesteraseandmonoamineoxidasebforthetreatmentofalzheimersdisease AT michałkjastrzebski dualinhibitorsofacetylcholinesteraseandmonoamineoxidasebforthetreatmentofalzheimersdisease AT agnieszkaakaczor dualinhibitorsofacetylcholinesteraseandmonoamineoxidasebforthetreatmentofalzheimersdisease |