Disentangling a Complex of Violet, Endangered Species of <i>Clavaria</i> Subsumed Under the Misapplied Name <i>Clavaria zollingeri</i> Lév. (Clavariaceae, Fungi)

Disentangling a Complex of Violet, Endangered Species of <i>Clavaria</i> Subsumed Under the Misapplied Name <i>Clavaria zollingeri</i> Lév. (Clavariaceae, Fungi)

The name <i>Clavaria zollingeri</i> Lév. is currently applied to striking violet species producing branched basidiomata and lacking clamp connections, two typical characteristics of the genus <i>Clavaria</i> Pers. Interestingly, as currently interpreted, <i>C. zollinger...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ibai Olariaga, Luis A. Parra, Thomas Læssøe, Juan Manuel Velasco, Ivona Kautmanova, Åsa Kruys, Isabel Salcedo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Fungi
Subjects:
Clavariaceae
<i>Clavulina</i>
Zollinger
Java
<i>Plantae Javanicae</i>
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/7/482
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Summary:The name <i>Clavaria zollingeri</i> Lév. is currently applied to striking violet species producing branched basidiomata and lacking clamp connections, two typical characteristics of the genus <i>Clavaria</i> Pers. Interestingly, as currently interpreted, <i>C. zollingeri</i> has been globally assessed as Vulnerable by the IUCN and is red-listed in several European countries. However, the type material of <i>C. zollingeri</i>, examined here, possesses clamp connections and should be referred to the genus <i>Clavulinopsis</i> Van Overeem. Thus, the name <i>C. zollingeri</i> is being misapplied. Based on the taxonomic revision of the specimens, along with morphological and molecular studies of the nrDNA ITS-LSU regions, three species differing in spore characters, basidial size and distribution are recognized. After our nomenclatural revision we conclude that one of the species should be named <i>Clavaria amethystina</i> (Holmsk.) Bull., characterized by ellipsoid spores and distribution in the Northern Hemisphere; the second <i>C. lilacina</i> Jungh., with subglobose spores and present in Eastern Asia and Oceania; whereas the third, also with subglobose spores and distributed in Europe and North America, is newly described as <i>C. violaceopulchra</i>. <i>Clavaria orientalis</i> is proposed to be a later synonym of <i>C. lilacina</i>. Nine type specimens were examined, the name <i>C. amethystina</i> is typified and the combination of <i>C. zollingeri</i> in <i>Clavulinopsis</i> is proposed.
ISSN:2309-608X

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