Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies

<b>Background:</b> Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major pathogen of the bovine respiratory disease complex and causes regular severe winter outbreaks of respiratory disease in cattle. It is therefore responsible for important economic losses for the farming industry. In t...

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Main Authors: Anneliese Demil, Mickaël Dourcy, Mutien-Marie Garigliany, Dominique Cassart, Fabien Grégoire, Julien Evrard, Daniel Desmecht, Calixte Bayrou, Hani Boshra
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Vaccines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/298
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author Anneliese Demil
Mickaël Dourcy
Mutien-Marie Garigliany
Dominique Cassart
Fabien Grégoire
Julien Evrard
Daniel Desmecht
Calixte Bayrou
Hani Boshra
author_facet Anneliese Demil
Mickaël Dourcy
Mutien-Marie Garigliany
Dominique Cassart
Fabien Grégoire
Julien Evrard
Daniel Desmecht
Calixte Bayrou
Hani Boshra
author_sort Anneliese Demil
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background:</b> Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major pathogen of the bovine respiratory disease complex and causes regular severe winter outbreaks of respiratory disease in cattle. It is therefore responsible for important economic losses for the farming industry. In this study, the genetic diversity of the circulating BRSV strains in Belgium, which has not been assessed since the end of the 1990s, was investigated. <b>Methods</b>: We analyzed 51 BRSV-positive samples collected from 2015 to 2023. This study is the first report on the circulation of BRSV subgroup VIII in Belgium. Furthermore, co-circulation of subgroups II and III was recorded in the same period. Four commercially available vaccine strains marketed in Belgium were also included in the analysis and they clustered with subgroup II or III. <b>Results</b>: Our findings indicate that different strains of BRSV are circulating in Belgium, including those from subgroups II and VIII, with the subgroup VIII strains being particularly distant from the commercially available vaccine strains. <b>Conclusions</b>: These results highlight the importance of ensuring that the available vaccines efficiently protect against strains from circulating subgroups and assessing the potential circulation of attenuated vaccine strains.
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spelling doaj-art-8a4537daa0494eb1b204c63c2ba8ff0e2025-08-20T01:49:53ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-03-0113329810.3390/vaccines13030298Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination StrategiesAnneliese Demil0Mickaël Dourcy1Mutien-Marie Garigliany2Dominique Cassart3Fabien Grégoire4Julien Evrard5Daniel Desmecht6Calixte Bayrou7Hani Boshra8Department of Morphology and Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B43, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Morphology and Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B43, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Morphology and Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B43, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Morphology and Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B43, 4000 Liege, BelgiumRegional Association for Animal Registration and Health (ARSIA) asbl, 5590 Ciney, BelgiumRegional Association for Animal Registration and Health (ARSIA) asbl, 5590 Ciney, BelgiumDepartment of Morphology and Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B43, 4000 Liege, BelgiumBovine Health Service, Clinical Department of Production Animals (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B42, 4000 Liege, BelgiumDepartment of Morphology and Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Bât B43, 4000 Liege, Belgium<b>Background:</b> Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major pathogen of the bovine respiratory disease complex and causes regular severe winter outbreaks of respiratory disease in cattle. It is therefore responsible for important economic losses for the farming industry. In this study, the genetic diversity of the circulating BRSV strains in Belgium, which has not been assessed since the end of the 1990s, was investigated. <b>Methods</b>: We analyzed 51 BRSV-positive samples collected from 2015 to 2023. This study is the first report on the circulation of BRSV subgroup VIII in Belgium. Furthermore, co-circulation of subgroups II and III was recorded in the same period. Four commercially available vaccine strains marketed in Belgium were also included in the analysis and they clustered with subgroup II or III. <b>Results</b>: Our findings indicate that different strains of BRSV are circulating in Belgium, including those from subgroups II and VIII, with the subgroup VIII strains being particularly distant from the commercially available vaccine strains. <b>Conclusions</b>: These results highlight the importance of ensuring that the available vaccines efficiently protect against strains from circulating subgroups and assessing the potential circulation of attenuated vaccine strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/298BRSVlivestock diseasesrespiratory diseasesphylogenetics
spellingShingle Anneliese Demil
Mickaël Dourcy
Mutien-Marie Garigliany
Dominique Cassart
Fabien Grégoire
Julien Evrard
Daniel Desmecht
Calixte Bayrou
Hani Boshra
Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies
Vaccines
BRSV
livestock diseases
respiratory diseases
phylogenetics
title Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies
title_full Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies
title_fullStr Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies
title_full_unstemmed Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies
title_short Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV) Subgroups in Wallonia Region of Belgium in Relation to Current Vaccination Strategies
title_sort phylogenetic analysis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus brsv subgroups in wallonia region of belgium in relation to current vaccination strategies
topic BRSV
livestock diseases
respiratory diseases
phylogenetics
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/3/298
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