Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma

The OBJECTIVE was to analyze the results of treatment and improvement of surgical management of hemothorax following blunt chest injury.METHODS AND MATERIALS. Of 398 patients with blunt chest trauma, 84 (21.1 %) had hemothorax. Patients were divided into 4 groups: small hemothorax (<300 ml) –...

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Main Authors: S. A. Plaksin, D. N. Ponomarev, A. J. Sozkov
Format: Article
Language:Russian
Published: Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University 2024-02-01
Series:Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова
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Online Access:https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2166
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author S. A. Plaksin
D. N. Ponomarev
A. J. Sozkov
author_facet S. A. Plaksin
D. N. Ponomarev
A. J. Sozkov
author_sort S. A. Plaksin
collection DOAJ
description The OBJECTIVE was to analyze the results of treatment and improvement of surgical management of hemothorax following blunt chest injury.METHODS AND MATERIALS. Of 398 patients with blunt chest trauma, 84 (21.1 %) had hemothorax. Patients were divided into 4 groups: small hemothorax (<300 ml) – 43 people (51.1 %); medium (300 to 1000 ml) – 27 (32.1 %), large (1000 to 1500 ml) – 10 (11.9 %); and total (>1500 ml) – 4 (4.8 %).The causes were household injuries – in 50 cases (59.5 %) and transport injuries – in 20 cases (23.8 %).RESULTS. Medium, large and total hemothorax was diagnosed by chest X-rays. Computed tomography was performed in case of severe concomitant injuries, clotted hemothorax and unclear diagnosis. In the Group 1, hemothorax was diagnosed by computed tomography scans only in 12 cases (27.9 %), by ultrasound examination – in 4 cases (9.3 %). Medium and large hemothorax at late admission was removed by pleural puncture in 5 cases. Pleural drainage was performed in 24 patients. Thoracoscopy was performed in 53 patients. In 32 patients (60%) of Groups 1 and 2, thoracoscopy ended only with a revision of the pleural cavity and blood removal. The clotted hemothorax was removed during thoracoscopy in 15 patients of Groups 2, 3 and 4. With total hemothorax, 2 patients underwent thoracotomy for ongoing bleeding. Thoracotomy was performed in 3 patients of Groups 1 and 2 for ruptures of the lung and diaphragm. The cause of hemothorax could be rib fractures in 75 patients (90.4 %), lung rupture in 49 patients (59 %) with hemopneumothorax, damage to the diaphragm in 3 (3.6 %) cases. Surgical hemostasis for ongoing bleeding was required in 7 (8.4%) cases. Thoracoscopy for residual hemothorax after drainage of the pleural cavity was performed in four (4.8%) patients.CONCLUSION. Surgical management for traumatic hemothorax should be differentiated depending on its volume, the associated injuries, the time from injury to the start of treatment, and the developed complications.
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spelling doaj-art-8a3a61c12eb2443883d68f7475a431d12025-08-20T03:02:29ZrusPavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityВестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова0042-46252024-02-01182340461518Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest traumaS. A. Plaksin0D. N. Ponomarev1A. J. Sozkov2E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical UniversityE.A. Vagner Perm State Medical UniversityE.A. Vagner Perm State Medical UniversityThe OBJECTIVE was to analyze the results of treatment and improvement of surgical management of hemothorax following blunt chest injury.METHODS AND MATERIALS. Of 398 patients with blunt chest trauma, 84 (21.1 %) had hemothorax. Patients were divided into 4 groups: small hemothorax (<300 ml) – 43 people (51.1 %); medium (300 to 1000 ml) – 27 (32.1 %), large (1000 to 1500 ml) – 10 (11.9 %); and total (>1500 ml) – 4 (4.8 %).The causes were household injuries – in 50 cases (59.5 %) and transport injuries – in 20 cases (23.8 %).RESULTS. Medium, large and total hemothorax was diagnosed by chest X-rays. Computed tomography was performed in case of severe concomitant injuries, clotted hemothorax and unclear diagnosis. In the Group 1, hemothorax was diagnosed by computed tomography scans only in 12 cases (27.9 %), by ultrasound examination – in 4 cases (9.3 %). Medium and large hemothorax at late admission was removed by pleural puncture in 5 cases. Pleural drainage was performed in 24 patients. Thoracoscopy was performed in 53 patients. In 32 patients (60%) of Groups 1 and 2, thoracoscopy ended only with a revision of the pleural cavity and blood removal. The clotted hemothorax was removed during thoracoscopy in 15 patients of Groups 2, 3 and 4. With total hemothorax, 2 patients underwent thoracotomy for ongoing bleeding. Thoracotomy was performed in 3 patients of Groups 1 and 2 for ruptures of the lung and diaphragm. The cause of hemothorax could be rib fractures in 75 patients (90.4 %), lung rupture in 49 patients (59 %) with hemopneumothorax, damage to the diaphragm in 3 (3.6 %) cases. Surgical hemostasis for ongoing bleeding was required in 7 (8.4%) cases. Thoracoscopy for residual hemothorax after drainage of the pleural cavity was performed in four (4.8%) patients.CONCLUSION. Surgical management for traumatic hemothorax should be differentiated depending on its volume, the associated injuries, the time from injury to the start of treatment, and the developed complications.https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2166hemothoraxblunt chest traumathoracoscopythoracotomythoracic injury
spellingShingle S. A. Plaksin
D. N. Ponomarev
A. J. Sozkov
Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
Вестник хирургии имени И.И. Грекова
hemothorax
blunt chest trauma
thoracoscopy
thoracotomy
thoracic injury
title Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
title_full Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
title_fullStr Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
title_full_unstemmed Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
title_short Surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
title_sort surgical management of hemothorax due to blunt chest trauma
topic hemothorax
blunt chest trauma
thoracoscopy
thoracotomy
thoracic injury
url https://www.vestnik-grekova.ru/jour/article/view/2166
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AT dnponomarev surgicalmanagementofhemothoraxduetobluntchesttrauma
AT ajsozkov surgicalmanagementofhemothoraxduetobluntchesttrauma