Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band

A remote healthcare system allows patients to be monitored and diagnosed at home; however, a reliable wireless link is essential to make it possible. This study proposes a miniaturized implantable antenna resonating at 401–406 MHz, medical implant communication service band. The proposed...

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Main Authors: Muhammad Abbas, Sami Ullah Khan, Muhammad Aamir, Nasir Ullah Khan, Usman Ali, Sadiq Ullah, Abdul Basir, Toni Bjorninen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2024-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10781334/
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author Muhammad Abbas
Sami Ullah Khan
Muhammad Aamir
Nasir Ullah Khan
Usman Ali
Sadiq Ullah
Abdul Basir
Toni Bjorninen
author_facet Muhammad Abbas
Sami Ullah Khan
Muhammad Aamir
Nasir Ullah Khan
Usman Ali
Sadiq Ullah
Abdul Basir
Toni Bjorninen
author_sort Muhammad Abbas
collection DOAJ
description A remote healthcare system allows patients to be monitored and diagnosed at home; however, a reliable wireless link is essential to make it possible. This study proposes a miniaturized implantable antenna resonating at 401&#x2013;406 MHz, medical implant communication service band. The proposed implantable antenna has a compact 12 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 12 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 0.64 mm (92.16 mm3) footprint and is fabricated on a bio-compatible Roger R03010 material. To improve the safety, a superstrate and silicone coating around the antenna are employed to completely insulate the antenna from the surrounding tissues. The finite difference time domain and finite-element methods were utilized for numerical analysis and optimization of the proposed antenna, followed by fabrication and testing. For better validation, simulations of the proposed implantable antenna, including reflection coefficient and gain were performed within a three-layer body phantom while the measurements were conducted inside minced pork. The developed prototype of the implantable antenna exhibits 74 MHz measured bandwidth and &#x2212;31.6 dBi measured gain at 402 MHz. Further, the specific absorption rate analyses were performed for safety concerns and found to be within the standard limits. Both the simulated and measured results exhibit good agreements, with the overall performance reaching the state-of-the-art.
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issn 2169-3536
language English
publishDate 2024-01-01
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spelling doaj-art-8a285c57d2f14aa885365b72e4ed87582025-08-20T02:50:41ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-011218485318486010.1109/ACCESS.2024.351295010781334Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS BandMuhammad Abbas0Sami Ullah Khan1https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6319-1414Muhammad Aamir2Nasir Ullah Khan3https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2943-7827Usman Ali4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8977-1511Sadiq Ullah5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5299-1577Abdul Basir6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2180-7105Toni Bjorninen7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9335-7196Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Mardan, Mardan, PakistanDepartment of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Mardan, Mardan, PakistanDepartment of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Mardan, Mardan, PakistanTampere Electronics Research Centre, Tampere University, Tampere, FinlandDepartment of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Mardan, Mardan, PakistanDepartment of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Mardan, Mardan, PakistanTampere Electronics Research Centre, Tampere University, Tampere, FinlandTampere Electronics Research Centre, Tampere University, Tampere, FinlandA remote healthcare system allows patients to be monitored and diagnosed at home; however, a reliable wireless link is essential to make it possible. This study proposes a miniaturized implantable antenna resonating at 401&#x2013;406 MHz, medical implant communication service band. The proposed implantable antenna has a compact 12 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 12 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 0.64 mm (92.16 mm3) footprint and is fabricated on a bio-compatible Roger R03010 material. To improve the safety, a superstrate and silicone coating around the antenna are employed to completely insulate the antenna from the surrounding tissues. The finite difference time domain and finite-element methods were utilized for numerical analysis and optimization of the proposed antenna, followed by fabrication and testing. For better validation, simulations of the proposed implantable antenna, including reflection coefficient and gain were performed within a three-layer body phantom while the measurements were conducted inside minced pork. The developed prototype of the implantable antenna exhibits 74 MHz measured bandwidth and &#x2212;31.6 dBi measured gain at 402 MHz. Further, the specific absorption rate analyses were performed for safety concerns and found to be within the standard limits. Both the simulated and measured results exhibit good agreements, with the overall performance reaching the state-of-the-art.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10781334/Bio-telemetryimplantable antennaMICS bandremote monitoringgainimpedance bandwidth
spellingShingle Muhammad Abbas
Sami Ullah Khan
Muhammad Aamir
Nasir Ullah Khan
Usman Ali
Sadiq Ullah
Abdul Basir
Toni Bjorninen
Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band
IEEE Access
Bio-telemetry
implantable antenna
MICS band
remote monitoring
gain
impedance bandwidth
title Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band
title_full Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band
title_fullStr Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band
title_full_unstemmed Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band
title_short Compact Implantable Antenna for Enhanced Bio-Telemetry Communication in the MICS Band
title_sort compact implantable antenna for enhanced bio telemetry communication in the mics band
topic Bio-telemetry
implantable antenna
MICS band
remote monitoring
gain
impedance bandwidth
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10781334/
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