Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP

Abstract We evaluate cloud simulations using satellite simulators against multiple observational data sets. These simulators have been run within the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's Atmosphere Model version 4.0 (AM4.0), as well as an alternative configuration where a fully two‐moment Mo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Huan Guo, Levi G. Silvers, David Paynter, Wenhao Dong, Songmiao Fan, Xianwen Jing, Ryan Kramer, Kristopher Rand, Kentaroh Suzuki, Yuying Zhang, Ming Zhao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2025-06-01
Series:Earth and Space Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA004053
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849430826536665088
author Huan Guo
Levi G. Silvers
David Paynter
Wenhao Dong
Songmiao Fan
Xianwen Jing
Ryan Kramer
Kristopher Rand
Kentaroh Suzuki
Yuying Zhang
Ming Zhao
author_facet Huan Guo
Levi G. Silvers
David Paynter
Wenhao Dong
Songmiao Fan
Xianwen Jing
Ryan Kramer
Kristopher Rand
Kentaroh Suzuki
Yuying Zhang
Ming Zhao
author_sort Huan Guo
collection DOAJ
description Abstract We evaluate cloud simulations using satellite simulators against multiple observational data sets. These simulators have been run within the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's Atmosphere Model version 4.0 (AM4.0), as well as an alternative configuration where a fully two‐moment Morrison‐Gettelman cloud microphysical parameterization with prognostic precipitation (MG2) is applied, denoted as AM4‐MG2. The modeled cloud spatial distributions, vertical profiles, phase partitioning, cloud‐to‐precipitation transitions, and radiative effects compare reasonably well with satellite observations. Model biases include the under‐prediction of total and low‐level clouds, especially optically thin/intermediate clouds with cloud optical depth of less than 23, but the over‐prediction of thick clouds, indicating “too few, too bright” biases. These biases counteract each other, and give rise to reasonable estimates of cloud radiative effects. The underestimate of low‐level clouds is associated with too early and too frequent drizzle/precipitation formation. The precipitation bias is improved in AM4‐MG2, where the autoconversion scheme initiates the precipitation more realistically. There also exist discrepancies between models and observations for midlevel and high‐level clouds. Additional biases include the underestimate of liquid cloud fraction and the overestimate of ice cloud fraction.
format Article
id doaj-art-8a1ff1c747774d59a305aeb37c624d64
institution Kabale University
issn 2333-5084
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher American Geophysical Union (AGU)
record_format Article
series Earth and Space Science
spelling doaj-art-8a1ff1c747774d59a305aeb37c624d642025-08-20T03:27:51ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Earth and Space Science2333-50842025-06-01126n/an/a10.1029/2024EA004053Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSPHuan Guo0Levi G. Silvers1David Paynter2Wenhao Dong3Songmiao Fan4Xianwen Jing5Ryan Kramer6Kristopher Rand7Kentaroh Suzuki8Yuying Zhang9Ming Zhao10NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USADepartment of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USANOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USANOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USACollege of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal University Hubei ChinaNOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USASAIC Science Applications International Corporation Reston VA USAAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo Kashiwa JapanLawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USANOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Princeton NJ USAAbstract We evaluate cloud simulations using satellite simulators against multiple observational data sets. These simulators have been run within the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's Atmosphere Model version 4.0 (AM4.0), as well as an alternative configuration where a fully two‐moment Morrison‐Gettelman cloud microphysical parameterization with prognostic precipitation (MG2) is applied, denoted as AM4‐MG2. The modeled cloud spatial distributions, vertical profiles, phase partitioning, cloud‐to‐precipitation transitions, and radiative effects compare reasonably well with satellite observations. Model biases include the under‐prediction of total and low‐level clouds, especially optically thin/intermediate clouds with cloud optical depth of less than 23, but the over‐prediction of thick clouds, indicating “too few, too bright” biases. These biases counteract each other, and give rise to reasonable estimates of cloud radiative effects. The underestimate of low‐level clouds is associated with too early and too frequent drizzle/precipitation formation. The precipitation bias is improved in AM4‐MG2, where the autoconversion scheme initiates the precipitation more realistically. There also exist discrepancies between models and observations for midlevel and high‐level clouds. Additional biases include the underestimate of liquid cloud fraction and the overestimate of ice cloud fraction.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA004053cloudGCMsimulatorsatellite
spellingShingle Huan Guo
Levi G. Silvers
David Paynter
Wenhao Dong
Songmiao Fan
Xianwen Jing
Ryan Kramer
Kristopher Rand
Kentaroh Suzuki
Yuying Zhang
Ming Zhao
Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP
Earth and Space Science
cloud
GCM
simulator
satellite
title Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP
title_full Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP
title_fullStr Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP
title_full_unstemmed Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP
title_short Assessing Clouds in GFDL's AM4.0 With Different Microphysical Parameterizations Using the Satellite Simulator Package COSP
title_sort assessing clouds in gfdl s am4 0 with different microphysical parameterizations using the satellite simulator package cosp
topic cloud
GCM
simulator
satellite
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA004053
work_keys_str_mv AT huanguo assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT levigsilvers assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT davidpaynter assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT wenhaodong assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT songmiaofan assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT xianwenjing assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT ryankramer assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT kristopherrand assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT kentarohsuzuki assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT yuyingzhang assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp
AT mingzhao assessingcloudsingfdlsam40withdifferentmicrophysicalparameterizationsusingthesatellitesimulatorpackagecosp