On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States
Abstract Correlation was examined between detrended monthly surface temperature and monthly [E]F-1+ tornadoes and tornado days for several contiguous US regions during the period 1954–2022. This relatively simple, yet robust, analysis indicated that regional temperature fluctuations are moderately-t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-03-01
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| Series: | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00993-2 |
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| _version_ | 1850063681158643712 |
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| author | Kimberly A. Hoogewind Vittorio A. Gensini Harold E. Brooks |
| author_facet | Kimberly A. Hoogewind Vittorio A. Gensini Harold E. Brooks |
| author_sort | Kimberly A. Hoogewind |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Correlation was examined between detrended monthly surface temperature and monthly [E]F-1+ tornadoes and tornado days for several contiguous US regions during the period 1954–2022. This relatively simple, yet robust, analysis indicated that regional temperature fluctuations are moderately-to-strongly correlated with tornado days during some months and in certain regions. In general, surface temperatures during boreal cool (warm) season had a positive (negative) correlation with tornado days. Implications for using a continuous, simple scalar variable such as surface temperature for tornado prediction are discussed, as well as the potential utility for understanding changes in tornado frequency due to climate variability and change. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8a00cf03a5e640d1bedb98ef2d5ecd5a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2397-3722 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-8a00cf03a5e640d1bedb98ef2d5ecd5a2025-08-20T02:49:32ZengNature Portfolionpj Climate and Atmospheric Science2397-37222025-03-018111310.1038/s41612-025-00993-2On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United StatesKimberly A. Hoogewind0Vittorio A. Gensini1Harold E. Brooks2Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations, University of OklahomaDepartment of Earth, Atmosphere, and Environment, Northern Illinois UniversityNOAA/OAR/National Severe Storms LaboratoryAbstract Correlation was examined between detrended monthly surface temperature and monthly [E]F-1+ tornadoes and tornado days for several contiguous US regions during the period 1954–2022. This relatively simple, yet robust, analysis indicated that regional temperature fluctuations are moderately-to-strongly correlated with tornado days during some months and in certain regions. In general, surface temperatures during boreal cool (warm) season had a positive (negative) correlation with tornado days. Implications for using a continuous, simple scalar variable such as surface temperature for tornado prediction are discussed, as well as the potential utility for understanding changes in tornado frequency due to climate variability and change.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00993-2 |
| spellingShingle | Kimberly A. Hoogewind Vittorio A. Gensini Harold E. Brooks On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States npj Climate and Atmospheric Science |
| title | On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States |
| title_full | On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States |
| title_fullStr | On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States |
| title_short | On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States |
| title_sort | on the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the united states |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00993-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kimberlyahoogewind ontherelationshipbetweenmonthlymeansurfacetemperatureandtornadodaysintheunitedstates AT vittorioagensini ontherelationshipbetweenmonthlymeansurfacetemperatureandtornadodaysintheunitedstates AT haroldebrooks ontherelationshipbetweenmonthlymeansurfacetemperatureandtornadodaysintheunitedstates |