FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review

The combination of distributed digital factories (D<sup>2</sup>Fs) with sustainable practices has been proposed as a revolutionary technique in modern manufacturing. This review paper explores the convergence of D<sup>2</sup>F with innovative sensor technology, concentrating...

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Main Authors: Laraib Khan, Sriram Praneeth Isanaka, Frank Liou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7709
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author Laraib Khan
Sriram Praneeth Isanaka
Frank Liou
author_facet Laraib Khan
Sriram Praneeth Isanaka
Frank Liou
author_sort Laraib Khan
collection DOAJ
description The combination of distributed digital factories (D<sup>2</sup>Fs) with sustainable practices has been proposed as a revolutionary technique in modern manufacturing. This review paper explores the convergence of D<sup>2</sup>F with innovative sensor technology, concentrating on the role of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) in promoting this paradigm. A D<sup>2</sup>F is defined as an integrated framework where digital twins (DTs), sensors, laser additive manufacturing (laser-AM), and subtractive manufacturing (SM) work in synchronization. Here, DTs serve as a virtual replica of physical machines, allowing accurate monitoring and control of a given manufacturing process. These DTs are supplemented by sensors, providing near-real-time data to assure the effectiveness of the manufacturing processes. FPGAs, identified for their re-programmability, reduced power usage, and enhanced processing compared to traditional processors, are increasingly being used to develop near-real-time monitoring systems within manufacturing networks. This review paper identifies the recent expansions in FPGA-based sensors and their exploration within the D<sup>2</sup>Fs operations. The primary topics incorporate the deployment of eco-efficient data management and near-real-time monitoring, targeted at lowering waste and optimizing resources. The review paper also identifies the future research directions in this field. By incorporating advanced sensors, DTs, laser-AM, and SM processes, this review emphasizes a path toward more sustainable and resilient D<sup>2</sup>Fs operations.
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spelling doaj-art-89fc0001c0fa4b8ea4185cd58272a6e02024-12-13T16:32:31ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012423770910.3390/s24237709FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art ReviewLaraib Khan0Sriram Praneeth Isanaka1Frank Liou2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USADepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USADepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USAThe combination of distributed digital factories (D<sup>2</sup>Fs) with sustainable practices has been proposed as a revolutionary technique in modern manufacturing. This review paper explores the convergence of D<sup>2</sup>F with innovative sensor technology, concentrating on the role of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) in promoting this paradigm. A D<sup>2</sup>F is defined as an integrated framework where digital twins (DTs), sensors, laser additive manufacturing (laser-AM), and subtractive manufacturing (SM) work in synchronization. Here, DTs serve as a virtual replica of physical machines, allowing accurate monitoring and control of a given manufacturing process. These DTs are supplemented by sensors, providing near-real-time data to assure the effectiveness of the manufacturing processes. FPGAs, identified for their re-programmability, reduced power usage, and enhanced processing compared to traditional processors, are increasingly being used to develop near-real-time monitoring systems within manufacturing networks. This review paper identifies the recent expansions in FPGA-based sensors and their exploration within the D<sup>2</sup>Fs operations. The primary topics incorporate the deployment of eco-efficient data management and near-real-time monitoring, targeted at lowering waste and optimizing resources. The review paper also identifies the future research directions in this field. By incorporating advanced sensors, DTs, laser-AM, and SM processes, this review emphasizes a path toward more sustainable and resilient D<sup>2</sup>Fs operations.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7709distributed digital factoriesadditive manufacturingtraditional manufacturingFPGA sensortraditional sensorssustainability
spellingShingle Laraib Khan
Sriram Praneeth Isanaka
Frank Liou
FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review
Sensors
distributed digital factories
additive manufacturing
traditional manufacturing
FPGA sensor
traditional sensors
sustainability
title FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_full FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_fullStr FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_full_unstemmed FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_short FPGA-Based Sensors for Distributed Digital Manufacturing Systems: A State-of-the-Art Review
title_sort fpga based sensors for distributed digital manufacturing systems a state of the art review
topic distributed digital factories
additive manufacturing
traditional manufacturing
FPGA sensor
traditional sensors
sustainability
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7709
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