Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim
Global net-zero targets are reshaping port clusters toward greener and more coordinated development. However, the performance and hinterland influence of hub ports from a sustainability perspective remain underexplored. The Bohai Rim, with its high port density and early green transition efforts, of...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Ecological Indicators |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X25010271 |
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| author | Chong Ye Tingshan Cai Chenliang Zhang Wenting Cao |
| author_facet | Chong Ye Tingshan Cai Chenliang Zhang Wenting Cao |
| author_sort | Chong Ye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global net-zero targets are reshaping port clusters toward greener and more coordinated development. However, the performance and hinterland influence of hub ports from a sustainability perspective remain underexplored. The Bohai Rim, with its high port density and early green transition efforts, offers a representative case for studying spatiotemporal hinterland evolution in this context. This study uses panel data from six major container ports over the period 2011-2023 to build a multidimensional sustainability indicator system that includes carbon emissions and sea-rail intermodal throughput. The sustainability scores are first applied in a Wilson model to estimate general port influence, and then integrated with OD-cost distance in a field strength model to delineate county-level hinterland patterns. The results show that port hinterlands generally expanded during the study period, with increased overlap, stronger connectivity, and more intense regional coopetition. Qingdao and Tianjin evolved into dual spatial cores, and Rizhao accelerated inland expansion via multimodal transport. In contrast, Dalian and Yingkou showed limited hinterland growth and constrained spatial influence. This study proposes a transferable integrated framework for sustainability-based hinterland analysis, offering cross-port and cross-regional applicability to support planning and policymaking under green development goals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-89d34b0149c34ce2a981de247afca5b8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1470-160X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ecological Indicators |
| spelling | doaj-art-89d34b0149c34ce2a981de247afca5b82025-08-26T04:14:10ZengElsevierEcological Indicators1470-160X2025-09-0117811409510.1016/j.ecolind.2025.114095Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai RimChong Ye0Tingshan Cai1Chenliang Zhang2Wenting Cao3School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, ChinaDepartment of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Corresponding author at: Building A, Tongji Mansion, No.1500 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.Global net-zero targets are reshaping port clusters toward greener and more coordinated development. However, the performance and hinterland influence of hub ports from a sustainability perspective remain underexplored. The Bohai Rim, with its high port density and early green transition efforts, offers a representative case for studying spatiotemporal hinterland evolution in this context. This study uses panel data from six major container ports over the period 2011-2023 to build a multidimensional sustainability indicator system that includes carbon emissions and sea-rail intermodal throughput. The sustainability scores are first applied in a Wilson model to estimate general port influence, and then integrated with OD-cost distance in a field strength model to delineate county-level hinterland patterns. The results show that port hinterlands generally expanded during the study period, with increased overlap, stronger connectivity, and more intense regional coopetition. Qingdao and Tianjin evolved into dual spatial cores, and Rizhao accelerated inland expansion via multimodal transport. In contrast, Dalian and Yingkou showed limited hinterland growth and constrained spatial influence. This study proposes a transferable integrated framework for sustainability-based hinterland analysis, offering cross-port and cross-regional applicability to support planning and policymaking under green development goals.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X25010271Port sustainabilityOD cost accessibility analysisWilson modelField strength modelHinterland evolution |
| spellingShingle | Chong Ye Tingshan Cai Chenliang Zhang Wenting Cao Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim Ecological Indicators Port sustainability OD cost accessibility analysis Wilson model Field strength model Hinterland evolution |
| title | Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim |
| title_full | Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim |
| title_fullStr | Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim |
| title_short | Sustainability-based evolution of port hinterlands: green performance and spatial impacts in the Bohai Rim |
| title_sort | sustainability based evolution of port hinterlands green performance and spatial impacts in the bohai rim |
| topic | Port sustainability OD cost accessibility analysis Wilson model Field strength model Hinterland evolution |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X25010271 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chongye sustainabilitybasedevolutionofporthinterlandsgreenperformanceandspatialimpactsinthebohairim AT tingshancai sustainabilitybasedevolutionofporthinterlandsgreenperformanceandspatialimpactsinthebohairim AT chenliangzhang sustainabilitybasedevolutionofporthinterlandsgreenperformanceandspatialimpactsinthebohairim AT wentingcao sustainabilitybasedevolutionofporthinterlandsgreenperformanceandspatialimpactsinthebohairim |