In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i>
<b>Background:</b> <i>Campylobacter</i> causes gastroenteritis worldwide with increasing antimicrobial resistance. Furazolidone (FZD) shows potential in resource-poor areas but needs further study. We aimed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of <i>Campylobacter</i...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Antibiotics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/7/636 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849714458455179264 |
|---|---|
| author | Jeel Moya-Salazar Alfonso Terán-Vásquez Richard Salazar-Hernandez Víctor Rojas-Zumaran Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino Marcia M. Moya-Salazar Hans Contreras-Pulache |
| author_facet | Jeel Moya-Salazar Alfonso Terán-Vásquez Richard Salazar-Hernandez Víctor Rojas-Zumaran Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino Marcia M. Moya-Salazar Hans Contreras-Pulache |
| author_sort | Jeel Moya-Salazar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> <i>Campylobacter</i> causes gastroenteritis worldwide with increasing antimicrobial resistance. Furazolidone (FZD) shows potential in resource-poor areas but needs further study. We aimed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. to FZD, ciprofloxacin (CIP), and erythromycin (ERY) in a high-risk pediatric cohort and to evaluate the clinical relevance of resistance patterns using inhibitory quotient (IQ) pharmacodynamics. <b>Methods:</b> A two-phase prospective study (2012–2013, 2014–2015) was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Lima, Peru. Stool samples from children ≤24 months were cultured on selective media, with <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates identified via conventional bacteriological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion and regression-derived minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). IQ analysis correlated inhibition zones with therapeutic outcomes. <b>Results:</b> Among 194 <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates (<i>C. jejuni</i>: 28%; <i>C. coli</i>: 72%), resistance to CIP declined from 97.7% (2012–2013) to 83% (2014–2015), while ERY resistance rose from 2.3% to 9.4% (<i>p</i>= 0.002). No FZD resistance was observed, with mean inhibition zones of 52 ± 8 mm (2012–2013) and 43 ± 10.5 mm (2014–2015). MICs for FZD were predominantly <0.125 μg/mL, and all susceptible isolates demonstrated favorable IQ outcomes. Multidrug resistance (≥2 drugs) increased to 6.2% (2014–2015), though all MDR strains retained FZD susceptibility. CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints showed concordance for ERY (<i>p</i> = 0.724) but discordance for CIP (<i>p</i> = 0.022 vs. 0.008). <b>Conclusions:</b> FZD exhibits sustained in vitro efficacy against <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., even among MDR strains, contrasting with escalating fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-89d32954ef2e495eb93834595cf8d9d2 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj-art-89d32954ef2e495eb93834595cf8d9d22025-08-20T03:13:42ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822025-06-0114763610.3390/antibiotics14070636In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i>Jeel Moya-Salazar0Alfonso Terán-Vásquez1Richard Salazar-Hernandez2Víctor Rojas-Zumaran3Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino4Marcia M. Moya-Salazar5Hans Contreras-Pulache6Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo 14002, PeruDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, Lima 51001, PeruDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima 15001, PeruDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé, Lima 51001, PeruFaculties of Health Science, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 51001, PeruMedical Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima 51001, PeruFaculty of Medicine, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima 51001, Peru<b>Background:</b> <i>Campylobacter</i> causes gastroenteritis worldwide with increasing antimicrobial resistance. Furazolidone (FZD) shows potential in resource-poor areas but needs further study. We aimed to assess the in vitro susceptibility of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. to FZD, ciprofloxacin (CIP), and erythromycin (ERY) in a high-risk pediatric cohort and to evaluate the clinical relevance of resistance patterns using inhibitory quotient (IQ) pharmacodynamics. <b>Methods:</b> A two-phase prospective study (2012–2013, 2014–2015) was conducted at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Lima, Peru. Stool samples from children ≤24 months were cultured on selective media, with <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates identified via conventional bacteriological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion and regression-derived minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). IQ analysis correlated inhibition zones with therapeutic outcomes. <b>Results:</b> Among 194 <i>Campylobacter</i> isolates (<i>C. jejuni</i>: 28%; <i>C. coli</i>: 72%), resistance to CIP declined from 97.7% (2012–2013) to 83% (2014–2015), while ERY resistance rose from 2.3% to 9.4% (<i>p</i>= 0.002). No FZD resistance was observed, with mean inhibition zones of 52 ± 8 mm (2012–2013) and 43 ± 10.5 mm (2014–2015). MICs for FZD were predominantly <0.125 μg/mL, and all susceptible isolates demonstrated favorable IQ outcomes. Multidrug resistance (≥2 drugs) increased to 6.2% (2014–2015), though all MDR strains retained FZD susceptibility. CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints showed concordance for ERY (<i>p</i> = 0.724) but discordance for CIP (<i>p</i> = 0.022 vs. 0.008). <b>Conclusions:</b> FZD exhibits sustained in vitro efficacy against <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., even among MDR strains, contrasting with escalating fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/7/636<i>Campylobacter</i>antimicrobial resistancefurazolidonepediatricsfluoroquinolonesmultidrug resistance |
| spellingShingle | Jeel Moya-Salazar Alfonso Terán-Vásquez Richard Salazar-Hernandez Víctor Rojas-Zumaran Eliane A. Goicochea-Palomino Marcia M. Moya-Salazar Hans Contreras-Pulache In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i> Antibiotics <i>Campylobacter</i> antimicrobial resistance furazolidone pediatrics fluoroquinolones multidrug resistance |
| title | In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i> |
| title_full | In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i> |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i> |
| title_short | In Vitro Therapeutic Efficacy of Furazolidone for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on <i>Campylobacter</i> |
| title_sort | in vitro therapeutic efficacy of furazolidone for antimicrobial susceptibility testing on i campylobacter i |
| topic | <i>Campylobacter</i> antimicrobial resistance furazolidone pediatrics fluoroquinolones multidrug resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/14/7/636 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jeelmoyasalazar invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri AT alfonsoteranvasquez invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri AT richardsalazarhernandez invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri AT victorrojaszumaran invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri AT elianeagoicocheapalomino invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri AT marciammoyasalazar invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri AT hanscontreraspulache invitrotherapeuticefficacyoffurazolidoneforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytestingonicampylobacteri |